We used a novel in vitro mouse vagus-gastro-esophageal preparation to study the properties of peripheral vagal afferent endings. We found two types of mechanoreceptive fiber, mucosal receptors and tension receptors. These were distinguished by their sensitivity to mucosal stroking with von Frey hairs and circular tension applied via a claw-cantilever system. A comparison was made with gastro-es...

Objectives: There are some comorbidity between migraine, tension headaches, and some psychological  factors including Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs). This research aimed to identify the EMSs  associated with migraine and tension headaches.  Methods:  The present study was of cross sectional and correlational studies. The measures included  Headache Disability Invento...

In this work the equation of circular loops of cosmic string possessing time-dependent tension is studied in the de Sitter spacetime. We find that, in the case where the tension depends on some power of cosmic time, cosmic string loops with time-varying tension should not collapse to form a black hole if the power is lower than a critical value no matter how large their initial size is, which i...

in this paper the density and temperature dependencies of surface tension are investigated. using the lennard-jones (12,6), as an effective pair interaction potential, a linear expression is derived for isotherms of g /r2  versus r2 for some normal and chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs) fluids, where  is surface tension and r = 1/v is molar density. the linearity behavior of the derived equation is wel...

The series connection of sarcomeres in a muscle raises the possibility of instabilities due to some sarcomeres being capable of greater isometric tension than others, due to non-uniform activation, cross-sectional area or sarcomere length. Such instabilities are heavily damped by the force-velocity curve and stabilized by passive tension. The variation of active tension with sarcomere length ma...

We study the modulational instability of a shallow water model, with and without surface tension, which generalizes the Whitham equation to include bi-directional propagation. Without surface tension, the small amplitude periodic traveling waves are modulationally unstable if their wave number is greater than a critical wave number predicting a Benjamin-Feir type instability and the result qual...

The value of optimality modeling has long been a source of contention amongst population biologists. Here I present a view of the optimality approach as at once playing a crucial explanatory role and yet also depending on external sources of confirmation. Optimality models are not alone in facing this tension between their explanatory value and their dependence on other approaches; I suspect th...

We present briefly some results we obtained with known methods to solve minimum cost tension problems, comparing their performance on non-specific graphs and on series-parallel graphs. These graphs are shown to be of interest to approximate many tension problems, like synchronization in hypermedia documents. We propose a new aggregation method to solve the minimum convex piecewise linear cost t...

The same relationship holds for the interfacial tension o-i at the consolute critical point (the critical point for phase separation) of a binary fluid mixture. Up to now no rigorous theory links the interfacial tension to properties of the bulk system. However, a phenomenological approach which should be valid in the vicinity of the critical point has been developed by Fisk and Widom. 2 Accord...

BACKGROUND Current models of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) emphasize the role of emotion regulation. Aversive tension, described as a state of intense arousal and negative valence, is considered to be a link between emotional events and disordered eating. Recent research focused only on adult patients, and mainly general emotion regulation traits were studied. However, the momentary occurrence of avers...