For four hundred years, the zikir ritual has been performed weekly in Kadirîhâne Istanbul. Sufi rituals are believed to have compiled by founder (pîr) of order. The conductor (şeyh, postnişin) symbolizes founder. form consists chanting (dhikr) several divine names (esmâ). While participants perform with drone-like melodic repetitions or guttural rhythmic ostinatos, musicians songs, recitations,...
