Endemic species are threatened by invasive species, habitat loss, and climate change. also an important group that maintains biodiversity. Understanding population dynamics of endemic is needed to maintain or restore their populations. Advancements in models describe conservation need has been made possible the application novel quantitative methods. One such modeling tool state-space modeling....

streamflow recession indicates the river network balance between revenue and losses of river. recession curve expreses the storage- output relationship for the catchment. the aim of this study was trend anaylysis, modeling of streamflow recession and uncertainty estimation in shahmokhtar station on the bashar river in kohgiluyeh and boyer ahmad province. based on the results of the mann-kendall...

Billions of dollars are now spent annually in the United States and Europe for spatially delineated environmental services such as agricultural landscape management and river restoration programs, yet little is known about the spatial distribution of the benefits from these policies. This paper develops a framework for recovering information on this question from the spatial pattern of votes ca...

Global climate change is apparent within the Arctic and the south-western deserts of North America, with record drought in the latter reflected within 640,000 km(2) of the Colorado River Basin. To discern the manner by which natural and anthropogenic drivers have compressed Basin-wide fish biodiversity, and to establish a baseline for future climate effects, the Stream Hierarchy Model (SHM) was...

Atlantic salmon Salmo salar are often heavily infected by the gill maggot Salmincola salmoneus, but little information exists on the population dynamics of this parasite. Through a combination of in vivo field examination and laboratory analysis of gills from the Alta River S. salar population in northern Norway, we describe the population dynamics of the parasite and suggest a model for the ho...

Author(s): Emmanuel Mignot, Nicolas Rivière, Richard J. Perkins, André Paquier, Gilbert Travin. 1 Formerly Ph.D. Student, Hydrology—Hydraulics Research Unit, Cemagref, 3 bis, quai Chauveau, CP 220, 69336 Lyon Cedex 09, France. 2 Professor, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique, Univ. de Lyon, CNRSECL-INSAL-UCBL1, INSA de Lyon, 20 av. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne, France. 3 Pro...

Life-history theory predicts that as males age they should increase investment in reproductive effort because their residual reproductive value (RRV) – the opportunity for future reproductive events – declines (Stearns 1992). Such investment is often manifested as age-related increases in the intensity, rate, or duration of a costly behaviour important for acquiring mates. Sexual traits showing...

The level of Kluane Lake, the largest lake in Yukon Territory, was lower than at present during most of the Holocene. The lake rose rapidly in the late seventeenth century to a level 12 m above present, drowning forest and stranding driftwood on a conspicuous high-stand beach, remnants of which are preserved at the south end of the lake. Kluane Lake fell back to near its present level by the en...

So-called little, or domain-specific languages (DSLs), have the potential to make software maintenance simpler: domain-experts can directly use the DSL to make required routine modifications. At the negative side, however, more substantial changes may become more difficult: such changes may involve altering the domain-specific language. This will require compiler technology knowledge, which not...