This study aimed to assess ecological quality status of hard substratum macroinvertebrates communities of the Caspian Sea with three ecological indices and their relation with environmental factors. For this purpose benthic communities of the Caspian Sea basin were studied seasonally during 2014 in 8 sampling sites. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrate, nitrite, silicate and pho...

the interaction between sea and atmosphere has profound effects on the regions climate. meanwhile, the sea surface temperature is considered as one of the most effective components of water bodies, and the controller of many atmospheric behaviors. because of the importance of sea surface temperatures effects on atmospheric elements and also given the role of global warming on land and sea surfa...

S U M M A R Y The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 1990 June 20 (M0 = 1.4 × 1027 dyn cm), the largest one in Iran over the past 35 yr, was accompanied by a small tsunami in the Caspian Sea, which produced run-ups of up to 2 m, and inundations of 1 km, reaffirming the existence of tsunami hazard along the Caspian shoreline, as suggested by historical reports. We present the results of a field survey, ...

the aim of this paper is investigating and studying of geopolitical dimensions of russia in the caspian sea. russian post-soviet geopolitics invokes euroasianism as its inner rationale and meaning, as a greater good that imbues pragmatic, interest based politics with a sense of mission. eurasianism as a particular tradition of theorizing russia’s identity and place in the world has a momentum o...

the changes in density and biomass of macrobenthos were seasonally investigated from winter 2005 till fall 2006 in southern caspian sea. samples were taken with a 225cm2 van veen grab from depths of 7 and 20 meters along two transects: line 8 area (western part) and radio darya area (eastern part). totally, 5 classes of macrobenthos were identified of which the most abundant populations were po...

the length-weight relationships, (lwrs) were calculated for 14 fish species belonging to five families (cyprinidae, cobitidae, nemacheilidae, salmonidae, and gobiidae) collected from the tajan river, north of iran. significant length-weight relationships with high correlation coefficients were found for all species.

Interrelationships, origin and phylogenetic affinities of brown trout Salmo trutta populations from the southern Caspian Sea basin, Orumieh and Namak Lake basins in Iran were analysed from complete mtDNA control region sequences, 12 microsatellite loci and morphological characters. Among 129 specimens from six populations, seven haplotypes were observed. Based on mtDNA haplotype data, the Orumi...

following the collapse of the soviet :union: and the discovery of gas and oil in central asia and caucasia, it faced complex interests in the international political economy. these problems were mainly rooted in developing plans of the countries for increasing their influence in the area and also in russia's connections with the iranian and turkish governments in the region. this paper inv...