Interleukin-5 (IL-5), which is produced by CD4(+) T helper 2 (Th2) cells, but not by Th1 cells, plays a key role in the development of eosinophilia in asthma. Despite increasing evidence that the outcome of many diseases is determined by the ratio of the two subsets of CD4(+) T helper cells, Th1 and Th2, the molecular basis for Th1- and Th2-specific gene expression remains to be elucidated. We ...

In Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes, activation begins with identical stimuli but results in the production of different cytokines. The expression of some cytokine genes is differentially induced according to the amplitude and pattern of Ca signaling. Using fura2 Ca imaging of murine Th1 and Th2 clones, we observed that the Ca rise elicited following store depletion with thapsigargin is significantly lo...

The induction of allergen-specific T helper 2 (Th2) cells by lung dendritic cells (DCs) is a critical step in allergic asthma development. Airway delivery of purified allergens or microbial products can promote Th2 priming by lung DCs, but how environmentally relevant quantities and combinations of these factors affect lung DC function is unclear. Here, we investigated the ability of house dust...

One of the characteristic features of allergic asthma is recruitment of large numbers of inflammatory cells including eosinophils and Th2 lymphocytes to the lung. This influx of inflammatory cells is thought to be a controlled and coordinated process mediated by chemokines and their receptors. It is thought that distinct, differential expression of chemokine receptors allows selective migration...

In this study we show that IL-4 is crucial during reinforcement window of human Th2 differentiation for optimal Th2 development. We have also shown here that during this stage, IL-4 helps in cellular decision-making process of differentiation versus proliferation. We have combined computational and experimental methods to analyze Th2 transcription network to name novel players of the process of...

BACKGROUND Two different Th2 subsets have been defined recently on the basis of IL-5 expression - an IL-5(+)Th2 subset and an IL-5(-)Th2 subset in the setting of allergy. However, the role of these newly described CD4(+) T cells subpopulations has not been explored in other contexts. METHODS To study the role of the Th2 subpopulation in a chronic, tissue invasive parasitic infection (lymphati...

background and aims: aspergillus fumigatus is a sporadic fungus that causes different infections and allergies in immunocompromised patients. the allergic disease caused by this fungus is called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa). abpa is considred important in atopic and immunocompromised individuals, which can result in inflammation and epithelial damage. therefore, the aim of thi...

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) mediate rapid immune responses against microbial infection by secreting large amounts of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines. Exposure to environmental stimuli including parasites, viruses, bacteria and protease allergens, damages epithelial cells, resulting in the secretion of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-25 and IL-33. These cytokines ...

T helper type 2 (Th2) cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 and mediate allergic and asthmatic disease. GATA-3 is a Th2-specific transcription factor that appears in overexpression studies and transgenic systems to function as a Th2 lineage determinant. Because GATA-3 is also crucial for development of the T lineage and throughout thymic development, direct demonstration that GATA-3 is req...

We investigated the influence of dendritic cell (DC) CD40 expression on Th2 and Th1 development by in vivo transfer of Ag-pulsed bone marrow-derived DC generated from wild-type (WT) or CD40(-/-) mice. Contrary to expectation, CD40(-/-) DC primed with Ag that inherently induce a Th2 response (soluble egg Ag from Schistosoma mansoni) failed to induce a Th2 response or any compensatory Th1 respons...