Induction of transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2) by epidermal growth factor (EGF) in human breast cancer cells increases their oncogenic potential and chemoresistance. The role of TGase 2 in the development of these tumor-related phenotypes remains to be elucidated, but it has been shown that expression of a dominant-negative form of TGase 2 reverses EGF-mediated chemoresistance in breast cancer cells...

Activation of NF-kappaB is reported in breast cancers. NF-kappaB inhibition in breast cancer cell lines results in an increase in apoptosis. However, the reason for continuous activation of this transcription factor in breast cancer is currently unclear. Interestingly, elevated transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2) expression is additionally observed in breast cancer. Recent studies showed that doxorubi...

Transglutaminase is a calcium-dependent enzyme that posttranslationally modifies proteins by cross-linking between glutamine and lysine residues or attachment of a primary amine to specific polypeptide-bound glutamine residues. Eight isozymes play essential roles in various mammalian biological processes. The authors have recently identified 12–amino acid preferred substrate peptide sequences t...

Cotton fiber is an ideal model for studying plant cell elongation. To date, the underlying mechanisms controlling fiber elongation remain unclear due to their high complexity. In this study, a comparative proteomic analysis between a short-lint fiber mutant (Ligon lintless, Li1) and its wild-type was performed to identify fiber elongation-related proteins. By 2-DE combined with local EST databa...

Micci, M. A., and Burgess N. Christensen. Na1/Ca21 exchange in catfish retina horizontal cells: regulation of intracellular Ca21 store function. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Cell Physiol. 43): C1625–C1633, 1998.—The role of the Na1/Ca21 exchanger in intracellular Ca21 regulation was investigated in freshly dissociated catfish retinal horizontal cells (HC). Ca21-permeable glutamate receptors and L-type ...

Transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2), or tissue transglutaminase, catalyzes either epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine or N(1), N(8)-(gamma-glutamyl)spermidine isopeptide bonds. TGase 2 expression has been associated with apoptosis, and it has been proposed that its activation should lead to the irreversible assembly of a cross-linked protein scaffold in dead cells. Thus, TGase 2-catalyzed protein polymeriz...

Previously we showed that the overexpression of transglutaminase 2 (TGase 2) resulted in activation of NF-kappaB through polymerization of I-kappaBalpha. To explore the pathway of TGase 2-mediated NF-kappaB activation, a transcriptomic microarray analysis was performed. In a SH-SY5Y cell line transfected with TGase 2, 24 genes were up-regulated at least 1.6-fold and 26 genes were down-regulated...

Transglutaminases (TGases) are calcium-dependent enzymes catalysing the post-translational cross-linking of proteins. In the prostate at least two TGases are present, the ubiquitously expressed tissue-type TGase (TGC), and a prostate-restricted TGase (TGP). This paper deals with the molecular cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding the human prostate TGase (hTGP). For this purpose we ...

Our recent studies showed that transglutaminase-1 (TGase-1) is uniquely expressed in mouse renal proximal tubular cells (RPTC) and mediates cell proliferation. In this study, we investigated the role of TGase-1 in cell survival and the survival signaling pathways regulated by TGase-1 in RPTC following oxidant injury. Exposure of RPTC to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulted in apoptosis and an incr...