African green monkey kidney cells, CV-1, were irradiated with Carbon ions (LET: 735 keV/µm Argon ions (LET: 3,000 keV/µm) to visualize ion tracks through the cell nucleus by labeling the 3'-OH termini result of DNA strand breaks. The 3'-OH termini of DNA were labeled with BrdU-triphosphate catalyzed by TdT. This method of TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End labeling) is based on the specific bind...

Most chloroplast mRNAs are processed from larger precursors. Several mechanisms have been proposed to mediate these processing events, including site-specific cleavage and the stalling of exonucleases by RNA structures. A protein barrier mechanism was proposed based on analysis of the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein PPR10: PPR10 binds two intercistronic regions and impedes 5'- and 3'-exo...

Brazzein, a 54 residue sweet-tasting protein, is thought to participate in a multipoint binding interaction with the sweet taste receptor. Proposed sites for interaction with the receptor include 2 surface loops and the disulfide bond that connects the N- and C-termini. However, the importance of each site is not well understood. To characterize the structural role of the termini in the sweetne...

Along with the SLC30 family, SLC39 family members regulate zinc movement in cells. metal ion transporters accumulate into cytosol. Membrane topology modelling suggests presence of eight TM regions both termini extracellular or lumen intracellular organelles. The mechanism for transport many is unknown but appears to involve co-transport bicarbonate ions [3, 4].

Protein termini provide critical insights into the functional state of individual proteins. With recent advances in specific proteomics approaches to enrich for N- and C-terminomes, the global analysis of whole terminomes at a proteome-wide scale is now possible. Information on the actual N- and C-termini of proteins in vivo and any post-translational modifications, including their generation b...

The crystal structures of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules complexed with antigenic peptides revealed a network of hydrogen bonds between the charged amino- and carboxyl-termini of the peptides and conserved MHC residues at both ends of the peptide binding site. These interactions were shown to contribute substantially to the stability of class I MHC/peptide complexes by...

Graphene nanoribbons with unique edge and termini structures were synthesized on an Au(111) surface using 7-bromo-12-(10-bromoanthracen-9-yl)tetraphene as the molecular precursor. The nonplanar zigzag demonstrated Kondo resonance even bare Au(111), reported by Atsushi Ishikawa, Akimitsu Narita, Shigeki Kawai co-workers in their Research Article (e202302534).

Graphene nanoribbons with unique edge and termini structures were synthesized on an Au(111) surface using 7-bromo-12-(10-bromoanthracen-9-yl)tetraphene as the molecular precursor. The nonplanar zigzag demonstrated Kondo resonance even bare Au(111), reported by Atsushi Ishikawa, Akimitsu Narita, Shigeki Kawai co-workers in their Research Article (e202302534).

Protein amino (N) termini are prone to modifications and are major determinants of protein stability in bacteria, eukaryotes, and perhaps also in chloroplasts. Most chloroplast proteins undergo N-terminal maturation, but this is poorly understood due to insufficient experimental information. Consequently, N termini of mature chloroplast proteins cannot be accurately predicted. This motivated an...