Several teratogenic agents, including ionizing radiation and xenobiotics such as phenytoin, benzo[a]pyrene, thalidomide, and methamphetamine, can initiate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that oxidatively damage cellular macromolecules including DNA. Oxidative DNA damage, and particularly the most prevalent 8-oxoguanine lesion, may adversely affect development, likely via alterati...

BACKGROUND Many birth defects are believed to involve gene-environment interactions, although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Apoptosis is a common effect of many kinds of environmental stresses on the developing embryo; therefore, mechanisms of teratogenesis may be approached within the context of the cell death program. The p53 tumor suppressor gene encodes a transcription fact...

Lindane, an organochlorine pesticide, has been widely used in public health and agriculture in several countries including India. Lindane has long been associated with pollution due to its long persistence and quick accumulation in fatty tissues. It is considered a possible carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen, immunotoxin, and neurotoxin in mammals. However, data on toxicity of lindane to fish is in...

BACKGROUND Although maternal infections with coxsackievirus during pregnancy are relatively common, fetal infections are quite rare. Coxsackievirus infection in utero has been associated with myocarditis, but has not been proven a teratogen. CASE A patient whose fetus had structural cardiac anomalies and hydrops was found to have an intrauterine infection with Coxsackie B-1 virus, proven by v...

Hypoglassia or aglossia is an uncommon anomaly, either of which may occur as an isolated finding or in association with other deformations, especially limb anomalies. Their genetic background is uncertain, and drug induced teratogen has not been clearly identified. We experienced a case of congenital aglossia with situs inversus in a female infant aged twelve days. Her initial complaints at adm...

Mycotoxins (frequently referred to as secondary metabolites of toxigenic fungi) are commonly found in foodstuffs and essential because their association with disease. The current study investigated the teratogenic potential characteristics T-2 trichothecenes mycotoxins produced by Fusarium Trichoderma, which reportedly toxic humans animals pregnant mice. toxin is a cytotoxic fungal metabolite t...