disk diffusion test is the usual applicable method for assessing the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in most institutions and hospitals. the aim of this study was to determine the reliability of resistant-reported results of disk diffusion test for 6 routinely used antibiotics against gram-positive microorganisms of nosocomial origin, using e-test method.    over a 1-year period, clinical ...

the motive behind this study was to evaluate the iranian state university efl entrance examination test (ueeet) based on bachman and palmer’s (1996) ‘usefulness six-faceted model ‘accommodating relia- bility, validity, impact, interactiveness, authenticity, and practicality. to do so, thirty professors and one-hundred efl freshmen were selected randomly from five universities. a questionnaire c...

reading comprehension ability consists of multiple cognitive processes, and cloze tests have long been claimed to measure this ability as a whole. however, since the introduction of cloze test, different varieties of it have been proposed by the testers. thus, the present study was an attempt to examine the relatedness of cloze-elide test, multiple-choice (mc) cloze test, and c-test as three di...

stability studies play a critical role in assuring product quality at all points in the vaccine life cycle. these studies used to determine vaccine expiry date and vaccine efficacy. accelerated stability and long term stability study performed for three batches of trivalent oral poliomyelitis vaccine (opv) and three batches of monovalent opv (type1) manufactured by razi institute. after samplin...

background: gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) is the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and causes fetal mortality and morbidity. therefore early diagnosis of gdm is necessary to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and to help prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes objective: this prospective study was carried out to determine the incidence of gdm in yazd and to assess th...

asperugo procumbents l. has been used in iranian traditional medicine for the refreshing, tranquillizing and mood elevating activities. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant and sedative-hypnotic potential of acute administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of this plant in mice.additionally, the effects of flumazenil on the hypnotic activity of the extracts were eva...

withania somnifera (ws) possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. ws preparations have a potential therapeutic role in the central nervous system (cns) related disorders in animal models. in this study, the possible protective effect of acute aqueous ws root extract on behavioral despair was explored and compared with fluoxetine, an antidepressant with selective serotonin (5-ht) reu...

background and objective: the medicinal plant origanum vulgare. subsp. vulgare in the lamiaceae family has been widely used by iranian people for the treatment of respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurologic disorders. the present study was carried out to evaluate possible anxiolytic effects of aqueous extract of o. vulgare leaves and the flowering branches in rats.materials and methods: anxiol...

Test washback is held to be complex and multifaceted in that a host of cultural, social, individual, test, and institutional factors are involved in shaping it. Thus far, the majority of washback studies have had as their focus the role of teachers in test washback or washback to teachers. How educational environments or institutions might function in isolation or in interaction with other fact...

introduction: micap is a new notation in which the teeth are indicated by letters (i-incisor, c-canine, p-premolar, m-molar) and numbers [1,2,3] which are written superscript and subscript on the relevant letters. fdi tooth notation is a two digit system where one digit shows quadrant and the second one shows the tooth of the quadrant. this study aimed to compare the short term retention of kno...