CONTEXT Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF) is a once-daily nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir DF compared with stavudine in antiretroviral-naive patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective, randomized, double-blind study conducted at 81 centers in the United States, South America, and Europe from June...

OBJECTIVE Estimate the budgetary impact of using a set-dose combination of efavirenz-emtricitabine-tenofovir for the Spanish health care system's treatment of patients infected with HIV-1, while evaluating repercussions for each autonomous community in 2008. METHODS We developed a budgetary impact model with pharmacological costs for the different currently available treatment options, based ...

OBJECTIVES To compare the incidence of renal impairment in HIV-infected patients exposed versus unexposed to tenofovir and to characterize risk factors associated with renal impairment. METHODS We undertook a retrospective cohort and nested case-control study of 514 Northwestern University HIV Outpatient Study participants who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 1 August 2001 and 31...

Exploration of naturally occurring chemical structures for medicinal uses has received significant interest in drug discovery and development research in the past few decades. None have had more success or products of greater clinical efficacy than synthetic analogs of nucleosides and nucleotides, especially as antiviral drugs. Nucleos(t)ide antivirals are synthetic analogs of the natural build...

BACKGROUND An important goal in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis by suppressing HBV replication. Tenofovir and entecavir are effective viral suppression compounds. However, comparative data is scant, especially in Korea. This study compared tenofovir and entecavir concerning efficiencies and side effects. MAT...

This cohort study was conducted amongst female patients manifesting lipoatrophy while receiving stavudine-containing first-line antiretroviral treatment regimens at two urban health centres in Rwanda. The objectives were to assess weight evolution after stavudine substitution and to describe any significant difference in weight evolution when zidovudine or tenofovir/abacavir was used for substi...

OBJECTIVE Despite widespread HAART use, HIV disease remains associated with increased risk of kidney disease. Whether tenofovir use is associated with higher risk of kidney disease is controversial. DESIGN We evaluated the association of cumulative and ever exposure to tenofovir on kidney outcomes in 10,841 HIV-infected patients from the Veterans Health Administration who initiated antiretrov...

A novel orotic acid salt form of tenofovir disoproxil (DA-2802) was developed and is expected to replace the fumaric acid salt form. The pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics and tolerability profiles of DA-2802 were compared to those of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, Viread®) in healthy subjects. A randomized, open-label, single-dose study was conducted in 36 healthy subjects using a two-t...

BACKGROUND During stavudine phase-out plan in developing countries, tenofovir is used to substitute stavudine. However, knowledge regarding whether there is any difference of the frequency of renal injury between tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz and tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine is lacking. METHODS This prospective study was conducted among HIV-infected patients who were switched NRTI from st...