The Achilles tendon is the strongest and largest tendon in the body. It is the conjoined tendon of the gastrocnemius and the soleus muscles, and may have a small contribution from the plantaris. The muscles and the Achilles tendon are in the posterior, superficial compartment of the calf. Through the Achilles tendon, they are the main plantar flexors of the ankle. The Achilles tendon is subject...

abstract   background: the pathophysiology of carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with increased intracarpal canal pressure. recently, palmaris longus has been introduced as an independent risk factor for the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. the purpose of this study was to assess the association of carpal tunnel syndrome with the presence of palmaris longus tendon and functional superfi...

Patellar tendon rupture is a catastrophic complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Though revision TKA has been suspected of being a predisposing factor for the occurrence of patellar tendon rupture, there are few reports on patellar tendon rupture after revision TKA. Here, we present a case of acute patellar tendon rupture that occurred after TKA revision. In the patient, the pate...

INTRODUCTION: The tendon graft still plays an important role to restore hand function if the damaged tendon can not be directly repaired, or if a primary repair fails. Animal studies have shown that intrasynovial tendon autografts result in better functional restoration compared with extrasynovial tendon autografts, but the availability of intrasynovial autograft tendons is limited. Previous wo...

Collagen content and cross-linking are believed to be major determinants of tendon structural integrity and function. Sex and chronic resistance training have been shown to alter tendon function and may also alter the key structural features of tendon. Patellar tendon biopsies were taken from untrained men [n = 8, 1 repetition maximum (RM) = 53 +/- 3 kg], untrained women (n = 8, 1 RM = 29 +/- 2...

PURPOSE This study tested a bone-tendon allograft versus human dermis patch for reconstructing chronic rotator cuff repair by use of a canine model. METHODS Mature research dogs (N = 15) were used. Radiopaque wire was placed in the infraspinatus tendon (IST) before its transection. Three weeks later, radiographs showed IST retraction. Each dog then underwent 1 IST treatment: debridement (D), ...

PURPOSE To determine which US signs are important in the diagnosis of a surgically identifiable supraspinatus tendon tear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty consecutive ultrasonographic (US) studies of the shoulder in patients who underwent arthroscopic follow-up were retrospectively reviewed by a musculoskeletal radiologist. US images of the supraspinatus tendon were evaluated for tendon nonvisual...

A paucity of literature exists on quadriceps tendon reruptures. Failed quadriceps tendon repair can cause significant morbidity and disability. Surgical management of quadriceps tendon rerupture can be challenging due to tissue degeneration, tendon retraction, muscle atrophy, and poor bone fixation. A lack of guidance in the literature exists on the appropriate surgical techniques for managing ...

Ultrasound imaging is increasingly used with motion and force data to quantify tendon dynamics during human movement. Frequently, tendon dynamics are estimated indirectly from muscle fascicle kinematics (by subtracting muscle from muscle-tendon unit length), but there is mounting evidence that this Indirect approach yields implausible tendon work loops. Since tendons are passive viscoelastic st...

This study examined the concurrent age-related differences in muscle and tendon structure and properties. Achilles tendon morphology and mechanical properties and triceps surae muscle architecture were measured from 100 subjects [33 young (24 ± 2 yr) and 67 old (75 ± 3 yr)]. Motion analysis-assisted ultrasonography was used to determine tendon stiffness, Young's modulus, and hysteresis during i...