An analytical version of the discrete-ordinates method is used here in the field of rarefied-gas dynamics to solve a version of the temperature-jump problem that is based on a linearized, variable collision frequency model of the Boltzmann equation. In addition to a complete development of the discrete-ordinates method for the application considered, the computational algorithm is implemented t...

abstract in this study, the effect of suspended load transport on the characteristics of submerged hydraulic jump (shj) in a rectangular channel was investigated experimentally. sediment concentration and jet froude numbers in the range of 0.424%-16.15% and 1.93-4.96, respectively, were considered. tow grain size 0.15 and 0.03 mm were used in the experiments. characteristics of submerged hydrau...

Context. Massive stars play a dominant role in the Universe, but one of the main drivers for their evolution, their mass loss, remains poorly understood. Aims. In this study, we test the theoretically predicted mass-loss behaviour as a function of stellar effective temperature across the so-called ‘bi-stability’ jump. Methods. We observe OB supergiants in the spectral range O8-B3 at radio wavel...

Aqueous dispersions of synthetic dimyristoyl L-alpha-lecithin undergo a sharp decrease in turbidity in the temperature range where the crystalline-liquid crystalline phase transition occurs. Equilibrium transition curves, monitored by the absorbancy change at 300 nm, reproduce all the important features of a calorimetric melting curve [Hinz & Sturtevant (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 6071]. A rapid...

The effects of temperature and food addition on particle mixing in the deposit-feeding bivalve Abra alba were assessed using an experimental approach allowing for the tracking of individual fluorescent particle (luminophore) displacements. This allowed for the computations of vertical profiles of a set of parameters describing particle mixing. The frequency of luminophore displacements (jumps) ...

To our knowledge, we have developed a novel temperature-jump optical tweezers setup that changes the temperature locally and rapidly. It uses a heating laser with a wavelength that is highly absorbed by water so it can cover a broad range of temperatures. This instrument can record several force-distance curves for one individual molecule at various temperatures with good thermal and mechanical...

A comprehensive review of current analytical models, experimental techniques, and influencing factors is carried out to highlight the current challenges in this area. The study of fluid–solid boundary conditions has been ongoing for more than a century, starting from gas–solid interfaces and progressing to that of the more complex liquid–solid case. Breakthroughs have been made on the theoretic...

The moment method of the kinetic theory requires boundary conditions for the moments. It is not possible to derive these in an easy manner from the boundary conditions for the phase density. The conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy give only five relations between the moments and the properties of the wall. Additional boundary conditions may be determined from the minimax principle fo...

Enzymes are known to exhibit conformational flexibility. An important consequence of this flexibility is that the same enzyme reaction can occur via multiple reaction pathways on a reaction landscape. A model enzyme for the study of reaction landscapes is lactate dehydrogenase. We have previously used temperature-jump (T-jump) methods to demonstrate that the reaction landscape of lactate dehydr...