background: various strategies such as teaching self care to hemodialysis patients have been employed to increase the level of their hope. this study aimed at examining the effects of a telephone follow-up program on the level of hope in a self care education program. methods: in this single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 75 hemodialysis patients, selected by convenient sampling, w...

Local area networks (LANs) have become commonplace in most medium and large companies. Now, wide area networks (WANs) have become the next communications frontier. However, WANs are much more complicated than LANs. In most WAN environments, the more devices an individual has to manage, the more time-consuming is the process of monitoring those devices. Complexity also increases very rapidly due...

4G of mobile communications describes the main research and development directives and technologies beyond the 3G of mobile communications. The name is interpreted slightly differently in various publications but signifies similar ideas. Mobile communications have been one of the hottest areas of telecommunications, famous for fast development and growth. First steps of cellular telephony reach...

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS  

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

This paper presents error protection and concealment schemes to enable robust transmission of compressed video over noisy communication channels such as analog phone lines and wireless links. The video data is compressed by an object-based video coding technique. This technique achieves eecient compression by separating coherently moving objects from stationary background and compactly represen...

The fair exchange problem is key to trading electronic items in systems of mutually untrusted parties. We consider modern variants of such systems where each party is equipped with a tamper proof security module. The security modules trust each other but can only communicate by exchanging messages through their host parties. These are untrusted and could intercept and drop those messages. We sh...

Steganography consist of concealing secret information in a cover object to be sent over a public communication channel. It allows two parties to share hidden information in a way that no intruder can detect the presence of hidden information. This paper presents a novel steganography approach based on pixel location matching of the same cover image. Here the information is not directly embedde...