This paper gives an overview of a formal semantic-based approach of modeling some regulations in the photovoltaic field to help the delivering of technical assessments at the French scientific center on Building Industry (CSTB). Starting from regulatory texts, we first explicit SBVR rules and then formalize them into ontology-based rules in the SPARQL language. These are exploited in the modeli...

Solving technical problems with complex systems and integrating the many technologies employed in these multifaceted structures has been a recurring theme in Smart Cities research. This paper presents an analysis of the reason this problem has been so well explored but persists with no solution widely available. The problem is viewed as a combination of Smart City needs, governance, and increas...

iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of t...

Following the rapid rise of distributed additive manufacturing with 3-D printing has come the technical development of filament extruders and recyclebots, which can turn both virgin polymer pellets and post-consumer shredded plastic into 3-D filament. Similar to the solutions proposed for other forms of ethical manufacturing, it is possible to consider a form of ethical 3-D printer filament dis...

Spend your few moment to read a book even only few pages. Reading book is not obligation and force for everybody. When you don't want to read, you can get punishment from the publisher. Read a book becomes a choice of your different characteristics. Many people with reading habit will always be enjoyable to read, or on the contrary. For some reasons, this advances and technical standards in neu...

R egenerating the adult heart is by many standards the holy grail of modern cardiovascular medicine. As a result, this field has been fraught with innumerable conflicts and controversies. Everything from the rate of cardiomyocyte turnover and regulators of cardiomyocyte proliferation in the adult heart, to the existence of cardiac progenitors and their therapeutic role, has been heavily contest...

The explosive growth of electronic commerce transactions in recent years has added fuel to efforts to harmonize international commercial law. Organizations such as the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT), the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) and the Hague Conference on Private International Law are all participating in an emerging...

The last technical barriers to trade(TBT) between countries are Non-Tariff Barriers(NTBs), meaning all trade barriers are possible other than Tariff Barriers. And the most typical examples are (TBT), which refer to measure Technical Regulation, Standards, Procedure for Conformity Assessment, Test & Certification etc. Therefore, in order to eliminate TBT, WTO has made all membership countries au...

(NIST) promotes the U.S. economy and public welfare by providing technical leadership for the nation's measurement and standards infrastructure. ITL develops tests, test methods, reference data, proof of concept implementations, and technical analysis to advance the development and productive use of information technology. ITL's responsibilities include the development of technical, physical, a...