Between 1970 and 1986, all Canadian provinces introduced some version of a prescription drug subsidy for those aged 65 years or over and since 1986, all the provinces have increased copayments or deductibles to some degree. Employing a first-order approximation to the welfare gains from a subsidy, we find evidence that these subsidies have been less redistributive than an absolute per household...

Background: Although the receipt of subsidies addresses only part of the issues faced by infertile couples, the subsidies and assistance, in the form of public support services, has given rise to questions whether are considered important and satisfying. We aimed to clarify the relationship between the assistance offered by local governments in Japan and the needs of infertile women. Materials ...

Abstract The impact and economic merits of President Biden’s Executive Order 13985 on equity depend how the executive order is implemented. While policy discussion to date has focused equitable outcomes, we propose framing risk policies in terms tradeoff rates based six guidelines. starting point for ex ante evaluation mortality should be symmetric application value a statistical life (VSL) all...

Preliminary Draft Comments Welcome Oil has been an important energy source in the U.S. for over 100 years. Increased reliance on foreign supplies has resulted in potential vulnerability, while high U.S. production costs, coupled with a dynamic market price, have resulted in a volatile domestic industry. The Federal government has responded with many initiatives. Military expenditures in the Per...

INTRODUCTION Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a major public health problem in India and especially harmful in early childhood due to its impact on cognitive development and increased all-cause mortality. We estimate the cost-effectiveness of price subsidies on fortified packaged infant cereals (F-PICs) in reducing IDA in 6-23-monthold children in urban India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cost-effec...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various community-based interventions in support of HPV vaccination implemented by cities and towns within Tochigi prefecture, Japan with a view to identifying useful indicators which might guide future interventions to improve HPV vaccination coverage in the prefecture. A postal questionnaire survey of all 27 local governments in Tochigi P...