The use of brain-derived signals for controlling external devices has long attracted the attention from neuroscientists and engineers during last decades. Although much effort has been dedicated to establishing effective brain-to-computer communication, computer-to-brain communication feedback for "closing the loop" is now becoming a major research theme. While intracortical microstimulation of...

Background Novel interventions that delay the onset or progression of cognitive decline in older adults are extremely important, especially as proportion steadily grows. Data on transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) suggests it may have potential for improving function; however, direct implication adults, including those with impairment is far less understood. It imperative to bet...

Introduction Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) are characterized by frequent, severe, unilateral headaches accompanied by ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms. Subdivision in cluster headache (CH), paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) and short-lasting neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) is mainly based on duration and frequency of attacks [1]. In the TAC pathop...

Although stem cells are subject to niche control, evidence is emerging that they also contribute to generating the niche through their offspring. Using the hair follicle as a model, Hsu at al. demonstrate that the transient-amplifying cells, downstream of stem cells and well-known cell producers, signal back to stem cells to maintain long-term regenerative capacity.

This is the first study to report results from a noninvasive dual-tracer positron emission tomography (PET) in humans not requiring arterial sampling, in which two radiotracers were injected closely in time within the same scan. These studies yield near simultaneous information on two different neuropharmacological systems, providing better characterization of a subject's neurologic condition. ...

Dr. Marcio Balthazar – Rua Dr. Emílio Ribas 1587 / 51 13025-142 Campinas SP Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) are a group of primary headache disorders characterized by short-lasting pain, often unilateral, with acompanying ipsilateral autonomic features like conjuntival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, ptosis or eyelid edema. Th...

Both biophysical and neurophysiological aspects need to be considered to assess the impact of electric fields induced by transcranial current stimulation (tCS) on the cerebral cortex and the subsequent effects occurring on scalp EEG. The objective of this work was to elaborate a global model allowing for the simulation of scalp EEG signals under tCS. In our integrated modeling approach, realist...

PURPOSE Dynamic tracer behavior in the human body arises as a result of continuous physiological processes. Hence, the change in tracer concentration within a region of interest (ROI) should follow a smooth curve. The authors propose a modification to an existing slow-rotation dynamic SPECT reconstruction algorithm (dSPECT) with the goal of improving the smoothness of time activity curves (TACs...