Intradermal administration of naked DNA with a conventional needle syringe is simple and inexpensive method to expose an encoded antigen the dermal immune system. We aimed enhance intradermal gene expression pyro-drive jet injector using pig skin, which similar in structure biomechanical properties human skin. When Cy3-labeled plasmid (pCy3) was applied skin injector, pCy3 distributed preferent...

BACKGROUND Over 14 million people die each year from infectious diseases despite extensive vaccine use [1]. The needle and syringe--first invented in 1853--is still the primary delivery device, injecting liquid vaccine into muscle. Vaccines could be far more effective if they were precisely delivered into the narrow layer just beneath the skin surface that contains a much higher density of pote...

Hepatic sinusoids of human liver samples obtained by surgical or needle biopsy were examined under the scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM and TEM). The surgically obtained tissues were perfused, by the use of a needle and syringe, with Ringer solution and successively with glutaraldehyde solution through the cut ends of blood vessels, while the needle biopsy pieces were perfuse...

The loss of biological activity of phage λ DNA was much greater when the DNA was sheared using a ceramic-coated needle attached to a syringe compared with a conventional stainless steel needle. Inactivation of the biological activity was due to breakage at the middle of the molecule. The thickness of the ceramic-coating was a crucial factor for the breakage. Because approximately the same level...

BACKGROUND DNA vaccine immunogenicity has been limited by inefficient delivery. Needle-free delivery of DNA using a CO2-powered Biojector® device was compared to delivery by needle and syringe and evaluated for safety and immunogenicity. METHODS Forty adults, 18-50 years, were randomly assigned to intramuscular (IM) vaccinations with DNA vaccine, VRC-HIVDNA016-00-VP, (weeks 0, 4, 8) by Biojec...

AIM How an appropriate safety syringe was chosen, how the change-over to it was achieved and what outcome measures were used to measure the effectiveness of this change. INTRODUCTION One third of all reported sharps injuries in dental practice are due to the use of non disposable dental syringes with most injuries being sustained during removal and disposal of the disposable needle from the n...

BACKGROUND Better delivery systems are needed for routinely used vaccines, to improve vaccine uptake. Many vaccines contain alum or alum based adjuvants. Here we investigate a novel dry-coated densely-packed micro-projection array skin patch (Nanopatch™) as an alternate delivery system to intramuscular injection for delivering an alum adjuvanted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil®) co...

Suicide by injecting insulin is not uncommon both in diabetic and non-diabetic people. The victim usually uses an insulin syringe or a traditional syringe attached to a needle for the injection of insulin, of either animal or synthetic origin. We report a case of suicide by a non-diabetic physician by injecting lispro insulin through an intravenous cannula. To the best of our knowledge, the use...

Intravitreal injection of drugs that inhibit the actions of vascular endothelial growth factor bring high economic burden for the health systems. We evaluated the amount of drug volume retained in two different types of syringes with billed and non billed rubber stopper. Difference between two syringe types is 0.037 g. This indicates a significant amount of volume loss due to dead space between...