The availability of large reserves of methane, which is the main component of most natural gas, makes it a very important feedstock molecule for the production of base chemicals (e.g. ethylene, propylene, and aromatics) and energy carriers (i.e. transportation fuels). More recently, the shale gas bonanza—particularly in the USA—as well as the presence of vast amounts of gas methane hydrates at ...

The syngas chemical looping (SCL) process developed at the Ohio State University can efficiently convert coal derived syngas into hydrogen with in-situ CO2 capture. In this novel process, two moving bed units are used to convert syngas into hydrogen through the assistance of an oxygen carrier particle. A third unit, an entrained bed combustor, is used to convey the oxygen carrier particles to c...

We have established a two-stage continuous fermentation process for production of ethanol from synthesis gas (syngas) with Clostridium ljungdahlii. The system consists of a 1-L continuously stirred tank reactor as a growth stage and a 4-L bubble column equipped with a cell recycle module as an ethanol production stage. Operating conditions in both stages were optimized for the respective purpos...

The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of preferential diffusion on flame structure and propagation of lean-premixed hydrogen-carbon monoxide syngas-air flame at elevated pressure using direct numerical simulation (DNS) and detailed chemistry. The physical problem investigated is lean-premixed H2/CO outwardly propagating turbulent spherical flame at constant pressure of 4ba...

At the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF), a variety of filter elements and failsafes are being tested for the cleanup of coal-generated syngas from the Kellogg Brown and Root (KBR) Transport Gasifier. Through 2007, the maximum accumulated syngas exposure for each element type was: 9,959 hours for iron aluminide sintered metal powder elements; 8,249 hours for HR-160 sintered metal fiber ...

A pyrolysis of compost for the production of syngas with an explicit H2/CO = 2 or H2/CO = 3 was investigated in this study. The composts were obtained from nonhybrid (perennial) grasses (NHG) and hybrid (perennial) grasses (HG). Discrepancies in H2 evolution profiles were found between NHG and HG composts. In addition, positive correlations for NHG composts were obtained between (i) H2 yield an...

Under separate contracts from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy (DOEFE), Los Alamos National Laboratory, and a team of SIMTECHE and Nexant (a Bechtel Technology and Consulting Company) are jointly working to develop the proprietary process for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from a shifted syngas stream (a mixture of mostly carbon dioxide and hydrogen) prior to combustion in...

This paper explores the (energetic and exergetic) thermodynamic efficiency as well as the environmental sustainability (mass flow accounting and emergy accounting) of syngas production from several types of coal (lignite, anthracite, bituminous and sub-bituminous coals). Syngas production is an intermediate step towards hydrogen production, accomplished by means of CO2 sequestration and trace e...

Chemical-Looping Combustion (CLC) is an emerging technology for CO2 capture because separation of this gas from the other flue gas components is inherently to the process and thus no energy is expended for the separation. For its use with coal as fuel in power plants, a process integrated by coal gasification and CLC would have important advantages for CO2 capture. This paper presents the combu...

Biomass and other carbonaceous materials can be gasified to produce syngas with high concentrations of CO and H2. Feedstock materials include wood, dedicated energy crops, grain wastes, manufacturing or municipal wastes, natural gas, petroleum and chemical wastes, lignin, coal and tires. Syngas fermentation converts CO and H2 to alcohols and organic acids and uses concepts applicable in ferment...