When a flow, discontinuous across a switching surface, points ‘inward’ so one cannot leave, it induces a unique flow within the surface, called the sliding mode. When several such surfaces intersect, one would seek a flow within the intersection, but some difficulties arise. We explore here the extent of the ambiguity involved in this situation and then show that for a certain form of ‘natural ...

In this paper we analyze theoretically the ‘‘signal background’’ observed in experimental studies of the radiative decay of hydrogen atoms following resonant coherent excitation ~RCE! in grazing collisions with a LiF surface. The radiation intensity is evaluated by treating the RCE within a time-dependent ~classicaltrajectory! quantal approach, and by assuming that the excited electronic states...

While magnetic hysteresis usually considers magnetic domains, the switching of the core of magnetic vortices has recently become an active topic. We considered Bloch domain walls, which are known to display at the surface of thin films flux-closure features called Néel caps. We demonstrated the controlled switching of these caps under a magnetic field, occurring via the propagation of a surface...

The deterministic border collision normal form describes the bifurcations of a discrete time dynamical system as a fixed point moves across the switching surface with changing parameter. If the position of the switching surface varies randomly, but within some bounded region, we give conditions which imply that the attractor close to the bifurcation point is the attractor of an Iterated Functio...

Molecular computation with DNA has great potential for low power, highly parallel information processing in a biological or biochemical context. However, significant challenges remain for the field of DNA computation. New technology is needed to allow multiplexed label-free readout and to enable regulation of molecular state without addition of new DNA strands. These capabilities could be provi...

We describe theoretically and study experimentally nonlinear surface waves at the edge of a modulated waveguide array with a surface defect and a self-defocusing nonlinearity. We fabricate such structures in a LiNbO(3) crystal and demonstrate the beam switching to different output waveguides with a change of the light intensity due to nonlinear coupling between the linear surface modes supporte...

A three-dimensional multi-stage optical interconnection network is proposed for mussively purullel processors. The interconnection network employs beamsteering vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers FCSEL) as space-division switching elements, and micromachined micro-Fresnel lenses as free-space optical elements. The entire switching network is integrated on a Si chip using the free-space micr...

Introduction: If the patients are not satisfied with the hospital, this results in switching behavior of patients. In this situation, among different hospitals, the patients choose the hospital with higher level of service quality. So, the main aim of this paper is investigating the effect of hospital's service quality on switching behavior of inpatients in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd. Me...

For rhombohedral multiferroelectrics, non-180° ferroelectric domain switching may induce ferroelastic and/or (anti-)ferromagnetic effect. So the determination and control of ferroelectric domain switching angles is crucial for nonvolatile information storage and exchange-coupled magnetoelectric devices. We try to study the intrinsic characters of polarization switching in BiFeO3 by introducing ...

One of the difficulties with PWM switching converters is high switching loss and electromagnetic interference due to switching at non-zero voltage and current, which limits the operating frequency. In order to reduce the converter volume and weight (by increasing the frequency) and reducing switching losses, zero voltage and current switching methods are recommended. In this paper, four main ze...