The spike discharge regularity of 254 tonically firing units in the inferior colliculus (IC) of the anesthetized guinea pig was studied in response to tones presented at best frequency (BF) to the ear contralateral to the recorded IC. Regularity of firing was measured by calculating the coefficient of variation (CV) as a function of time over the course of a unit's response. Two hundred and fif...

Serum response factor (SRF) is a key transcriptional activator of the c-fos gene and of muscle-specific gene expression. We have identified four forms of the SRF coding sequence, SRF-L (the previously identified form), SRF-M, SRF-S and SRF-I, that are produced by alternative splicing. The new forms of SRF lack regions of the C-terminal transactivation domain by splicing out of exon 5 (SRF-M), e...

Quantitative aspects of repetitive firing evoked by injected current steps and ramps were studied in layer 5 pyramidal neurons in brain slices of rat sensorimotor cortex to answer the following questions. Do the tonic firing properties of burst-firing and regular-spiking (nonbursting) neurons differ significantly? Does burst firing denote a discrete class of neurons or represent a continuum of ...

Intracellular recordings were made from sacrocaudal tail motoneurons of acute and chronic spinal rats to examine whether plateau potentials contribute to spasticity associated with chronic injury. The spinal cord was transected at the S2 level, causing, over time, exaggerated long-lasting reflexes (hyperreflexia) associated with a general spasticity syndrome in the tail muscles of chronic spina...

The visual system is modeled as a multilayer network of coincidence detecting neurons switching to a state of sustained firing after the production of their first spike. Inhibition from the next layer stops the sustained firing only when the information has been used (coincidence detected). Simulations of such a self-timed network show the propagation of a firing probability wave from layer to ...

Interneurons located near the border of the dentate granule cell layer and the hilus were studied in hippocampal slices using whole-cell current clamp and biocytin staining. Because these interneurons exhibit both morphological and electrophysiological diversity, we asked whether passive electrotonic parameters or repetitive firing behavior correlated with axonal distribution. Each interneuron ...

New approaches to waste management and the demands of circular economy have changed landfills. Over time, decomposition buried primarily determines amount recyclable combustible materials. This pilot study attempted assess feasibility extracting recovering energy-intensive raw materials from landfills by developing a extraction mechanism creating solid recovered fuel (SRF) production line for u...

We examined the ionic mechanisms underlying burst firing in layer III neurons from cat sensorimotor cortex by intracellular recording in a brain slice. Regular spiking was observed in 77.4% of 137 neurons in response to constant intracellular current pulses of 0.5- to 1-s duration. The rest of the neurons showed burst firing. An initial burst followed by regular-spike firing was seen in 71.0% o...

In the CNS, endocannabinoids are identified mainly as two endogenous lipids: anandamide, the ethanolamide of arachidonic acid, and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Endocannabinoids are known to inhibit transmitter release from presynaptic terminals; however we have recently demonstrated that they are also involved in slow self-inhibition (SSI) of layer V low-threshold spiking (LTS) interneurons i...