We review some of Kolyvagin’s results and conjectures about elliptic curves, then make a new conjecture that slightly refines Kolyvagin’s conjectures. We introduce a definition of finite index subgroups Wp ⊂ E(K), one for each prime p that is inert in a fixed imaginary quadratic field K. These subgroups generalize the group ZyK generated by the Heegner point yK ∈ E(K) in the case ran = 1. For a...

An in vitro transcription assay was used to compare the capacity of the bisintercalating anthracycline WP631 (which displays a remarkably high DNA-binding affinity) and the monointercalating anthracycline daunomycin to inhibit transcription initiation of the adenovirus major late promoter linked to a G-less transcribed DNA template. Both drugs inhibit basal RNA synthesis in a concentration-depe...

The application of detailed structural data bases has now culminated in the successful design of a new generation of bisanthracyclines that form ultratight DNA complexes [Chaires, J. B., Leng, F., Przewloka, T., Fokt, I., Ling, Y. H., Perez-Soler, R., & Priebe, W. (1997) J. Med. Chem. 40, 261-266]. Daunomycin dimers were designed to bind to DNA in complexes resembling those of monomers intercal...

The last version of Edwin Land's retinex model for human vision's lightness and color constancy has been implemented. Previous research has established the mathematical foundations of Land's retinex but has not examined speciic design issues and their eeects on the properties of the retinex operation. We have sought to deene a practical implementation of the retinex without particular concern f...

Visual perception is strongly shaped by the spatial context in which stimuli are presented. Using center-surround configurations with oriented stimuli, recent studies suggest that voluntary attention critically determines which stimuli in the surround affect the percept of the central stimulus. However, evidence for attentional influences on center-surround interactions is restricted to the spa...

In primary visual cortex (V1), neuronal responses are sensitive to context. For example, responses to stimuli presented within the receptive field (RF) center are often suppressed by stimuli within the RF surround, and this suppression tends to be strongest when the center and surround stimuli match. We sought to identify the mechanism that gives rise to these properties of surround modulation....

The mechanisms of center-surround summation, the process by which visual cortical neurons integrate the inputs from the classical receptive field and the non-classical surround, are poorly understood. We constructed a set of 32 representative center-surround stimuli using a repertoire of four bar types, and recorded the responses of 83 neurons from visual area V1 in two awake, fixating monkeys ...

The majority (217/325, 66%) of the neurons in the middle temporal (MT) area/V5 show strong antagonistic surrounds, defined here by a decrease of at least 50% in the summation curve. We mapped the antagonistic surround in 145 such cells, using eight circularly distributed surround stimulus patches (Surround Asymmetry Test, SAT) and also mapped the surround in 51 of these 145 cells using a grid c...

The responsiveness of neurons in V1 is modulated by stimuli placed outside their classical receptive fields. This nonclassical surround provides input from a larger portion of the visual scene than originally thought, permitting integration of information at early levels in the visual processing stream. Signals from the surround have been reported variously to be suppressive and facilitatory, s...

Given a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold Tψ that fibers over the circle with monodromy ψ : S → S, the monodromy ψ determines an isometry of Teichmüller space with its Weil-Petersson metric whose translation distance ‖ψ‖WP is positive. We show there is a constant K ≥ 1 depending only on the topology of S so that the volume of Tψ satisfies ‖ψ‖WP/K ≤ vol(Tψ) ≤ K‖ψ‖WP.