This article shows how adding a second step of windowing after each phase randomization can reduce the false rejection rate in Fourier-based surrogate analysis (SA). Windowing techniques discontinuities at boundaries periodically extended data sequence Fourier Series. However, they add time-domain nonstationarity that affects SA. effect is particularly problematic for short low-pass signals. Ap...

BACKGROUND Current American Thoracic Society and American Association for Respiratory Care guidelines for the delivery of aerosol agents such as methacholine chloride (MC) for bronchoprovocation testing require the use of pneumatic jet nebulizers that have well-defined droplet size and mass output. A recently developed disposable, breath-actuated nebulizer (AeroEclipse) may offer bronchoprovoca...

The article by Bixler et al in this edition of Hypertension1 adds to a growing body of evidence that risk factors associated with abdominal obesity in adults, namely, sleepdisordered breathing (apnea-hypopnea), occur in children as well. Specifically, sleep-disordered breathing appeared to be more strongly associated with waist circumference, a surrogate marker for abdominal obesity, than with ...

With a short product cycle as we see today, fast and accurate modeling methods are becoming crucial for the development of new generation electronics devices. Furthermore, increased complexity in circuitry integration compounds design iteration associated, high-dimensional sensitivity analysis performance optimization studies. Therefore, black-box surrogate models replacing actual offer an attr...

The purpose of this work was to validate the stability of the end exhale position in deep expiration breath hold (DEBH) technique for quality assurance in stereotactic lung tumor radiation therapy. Furthermore, a motion analysis was performed for 20 patients to evaluate breathing periods and baseline drifts based on an external surrogate. This trajectory was detected using stereo infrared (IR) ...

Blunt impact produces a heterogeneous brain injury in people and in animal models of traumatic brain injury. We report that a single closed head impact to adult C57/BL6 mice produced two injury syndromes (CHI-1 and CHI-2). CHI-1 mice spontaneously reinitiated breathing after injury while CHI-2 mice had prolonged apnea and regained breathing only after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and supplemen...

PURPOSE To assess the temporal and spatial accuracy of the GateCT™ system (VisionRT, London, UK), a recently released respiratory tracking system for 4DCT, under both ideal and nonideal respiratory conditions. METHODS Three experiments were performed by benchmarking and comparing its results with the ground-truth input data and those generated by the widely used Varian RPM™ system (Real-time ...

We discuss the relationship between the RR interval spectral analysis and the spectral analysis of the corresponding ECG signal from which the RR intervals were evaluated. The ECG signal spectrum is bounded below the frequency f B by using an electronic filter and sampled at rate larger than 2f B , thus excluding aliasing from spectral analysis. A similar procedure cannot be applied to the RR i...