A biocompatible microemulsion system comprising of isopropyl myristate (IPM) as oil, tween 80 as a non-ionic surfactant and isobuthanol as co-surfactant was studied experimentally at 298.15 K. The pseudo-ternary phase diagram for the microemulsion system has been delineated at different surfactant to co-surfactant mass ratio of 1:1, 2.4:1 and 4:1. Some physico-chemical properties such as densit...

Mechanical ventilation may lead to an impairment of the endogenous surfactant system, which is one of the mechanisms by which this intervention contributes to the progression of acute lung injury. The most extensively studied mechanism of surfactant dysfunction is serum protein inhibition. However, recent studies indicate that hydrophobic components of surfactant may also contribute. It was hyp...

Application of surfactants to increase the mobility of hydrophobic contaminants in soils will create a secondary aqueous waste stream containing mobilized contaminant and surfactant that may be biodegraded. Previous research on surfactant biodegradation focused on low surfactant concentrations, typically less than 0.01 % (weightlweight). The goal of this project was to investigate the effect of...

Pneumocystosis-related surfactant changes have been reported in both humans and corticosteroid-treated experimental hosts. As corticosteroids induce an increase in pulmonary surfactant, some findings could be considered as controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the surfactant composition changes during experimental pneumocystosis were related to the Pneumocystis develop...

BACKGROUND Patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI) have low concentrations of disaturated-phosphatidylcholine and surfactant protein-B in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. No information is available on their turnover. OBJECTIVES To analyze disaturated-phosphatidylcholine and surfactant protein-B turnover in patients with ARDS/ALI and in human adults w...

We study the effect of adsorbed surfactant on drop deformation in linear flows by means of analytical solutions for small perturbations of the drop shape and surfactant distribution, and by numerical simulations for large distortions. We consider a drop with the same viscosity as the suspending fluid. Under these conditions, the problem simplifies because the disturbance flow field results sole...

Pulmonary surfactant is necessary to keep the terminal conducting airways patent. It is unknown whether mild to moderate airway inflammation may influence surfactant function and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic airway inflammation in children. To answer this question, 21 children with chronic obstructive bronchitis and 19 asymptomatic children with long-term tracheostomy and incr...

Pulmonary function is dependent upon the precise regulation of alveolar surfactant. Alterations in pulmonary surfactant concentrations or function impair ventilation and cause tissue injury. Identification of the molecular pathways that sense and regulate endogenous alveolar surfactant concentrations, coupled with the ability to pharmacologically modulate them both positively and negatively, wo...

We conducted a prospective, randomized, unblinded, controlled trial of exogenous bovine surfactant (surfactant TA) in premature infants requiring ventilator support for the treatment of severe hyaline membrane disease. Forty-one low birth weight infants with severe hyaline membrane disease were randomly assigned to saline or surfactant therapy and treated within eight hours of birth. Significan...

Surfactant is an agent that decreases the surface tension between two media. The surface tension between gaseous-aqueous interphase in the lungs is decreased by the presence of a thin layer of fluid known as pulmonary surfactant. The pulmonary surfactant is produced by the alveolar type-II (AT-II) cells of the lungs. It is essential for efficient exchange of gases and for maintaining the struct...