The establishment of more accurate imaging of surface microstructures is needed. The most significant distortion in atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging is induced by the probe tip shape, whenever the sample surface contains features whose dimensions are comparable to the probe tip size. The acquired AFM image is the dilation between the tip shape and the sample topography. To restore the orig...

We combine light detection and ranging (LiDAR) digital terrain model (DTM) data and an improved mesh implementation to investigate the effects of highresolution surface topography on seismic ground motion based upon the spectralelement method. In general, topography increases the amplitude of shaking at mountain tops and ridges, whereas valleys usually have reduced ground motion, as has been ob...

The relationships between 6 measures of substratum topography or vertical relief and a tropical fish assemblage were evaluated and the merits of the various measures were assessed. A method of quantifying surface topography in the field using a profile gauge is introduced and found to be rapid and to generate concise summary statistics. Of the 6 measures of substratum topography compared, 1 was...

Introduction Surface topography (ST) has been proposed to monitor changes in spinal and rib cage deformity in adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis. The changes in ST parameters used to monitor scoliosis should be related to scoliosis progression and not to changes in torso shape occurring with growth. The objective was to determine the correlation between growth indicators and full-torso surfac...

A system to measure the topography of the first optical surface of the human eye noninvasively by using a curvature sensor is described. The static corneal topography and the dynamic topography of the tear film can both be measured, and the topographies obtained are presented. The system makes possible the study of the dynamic aberrations introduced by the tear film to determine their contribut...

Aim: To assess the surface topography and chemical composition of three brands of as-received mini-implants (SIN®, Morelli®, and Conexao®). Methods: Twelve mini-implants of each brand were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Results: There was no significant differences among SIN®, Morelli®, and Conexao® mini-implants comparing their surface topography by...

While color video endoscopy has enabled wide-field examination of the gastrointestinal tract, it often misses or incorrectly classifies lesions. Many of these missed lesions exhibit characteristic three-dimensional surface topographies. An endoscopic system that adds topographical measurements to conventional color imagery could therefore increase lesion detection and improve classification acc...

Attachment and biofilm formation by bacterial pathogens on surfaces in natural, industrial, and hospital settings lead to infections and illnesses and even death. Minimizing bacterial attachment to surfaces using controlled topography could reduce the spreading of pathogens and, thus, the incidence of illnesses and subsequent human and financial losses. In this context, the attachment of key mi...

The ability to measure land surface topography over large areas to assess natural hazard threats posed by seismic and flooding events is a critical, international need. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR) has been used to map topography; however, accuracies are limited because observations are not measurements of true surface topography over vegetated areas. Instead, the measuremen...

PURPOSE Understanding how surface features influence the establishment and outgrowth of the axon of developing neurons at the single cell level may aid in designing implantable scaffolds for the regeneration of damaged nerves. Past studies have shown that micropatterned ridge-groove structures not only instigate axon polarization, alignment, and extension, but are also preferred over smooth sur...