This work studies the impact of estimating soil wave number in Underground Focused SAR imaging for tunnel detection applications. It is demonstrated that neglecting wave refraction at the ground surface results in poor underground imaging; however, by considering refraction with inexact, yet sufficiently high, estimates of soil dielectric constant, clear target images can be produced. In additi...

A great deal of empirical studies have investigated the characteristics of terrestrial refraction. However, only few of these are concerned with short-term fluctuations of refraction influences. The aim of the present work is to analyse the short-term characteristics (amplitudes and variations at scales of minutes to hours) of terrestrial refraction in the lower atmosphere around 1.8 m above gr...

Introduction: Several experiments performed by the astronauts on the Moon (e.g., the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package, ASLEP), and proposed experiments as ground-prep for the return of humans to the Moon (RPLP-2/LPRP-2) involve the use of seismic (acoustic) energy for exploration. These seismic signals can be used for a wide array of purposes, from imaging the Lunar interior to detectin...

We report on phase-dispersion optical tomography, a new imaging technique based on phase measurements using low-coherence interferometry. The technique simultaneously probes the target with fundamental and second-harmonic light and interferometrically measures the relative phase shift of the backscattered light fields. This phase change can arise either from reflection at an interface within a ...

Geological and geophysical studies in complex valley troughs provide a key record for the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions during Quaternary. Here we present study sedimentary infill El Cervunal kame or trough (Sierra de Gredos, Iberian Central System) by means combined interpretation near-surface techniques supported geomorphological borehole data. A set 1D 2D methods, including...

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and contralateral eye comparison of topography-guided myopic LASIK with two different refraction treatment strategies. SETTING Private clinical ophthalmology practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 eyes (50 patients) in consecutive cases of myopic topography-guided LASIK procedures with the same refractive platform (FS200 femtosecond and EX500...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Although studies using optical coherence tomography (OCT) reported that the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness of myopic eyes was thinner than those of normal controls, it was unclear if this finding indicated the difference in actual structural thickness or that created by sources affecting accuracy of OCT measurement. This study's aim was to evaluate the effect of refr...

Diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) is a new, synchrotron-based, x-ray radiography method that uses monochromatic, fan-shaped beams, with an analyser crystal positioned between the subject and the detector. The analyser allows the detection of only those x-rays transmitted by the subject that fall into the acceptance angle (central part of the rocking curve) of the monochromator/analyser system....

PURPOSE To describe a case of cystoid macular edema (CME) developing after posterior chamber toric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation. METHODS Case report. RESULTS A 33-year-old male underwent implantation of toric implantable collamer lenses (ICL), a new generation of PIOLs, for both eyes. Preoperative best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/25 in the right e...