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BACKGROUND Patients undergoing stereotactic headframe placement for radiosurgery report that discomfort associated with the headframe often lasts for the duration of the treatment day (approximately 6 hours). We hypothesize that blockade of scalp nerves prior to headframe placement reduces the incidence of moderate to severe head pain during the entire treatment day. We describe a randomized, d...

BACKGROUND Position of the facial foramina is important for regional block and for various maxillofacial surgical procedures. In this study, we report on anthropometry and morphology of these foramina using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) data. METHODS A retrospective review was performed for all patients who have undergone 3D-CT scan of the facial skeleton for reasons other tha...

OBJECTIVES A clear knowledge of the location of the maxillo-facial foramina is essential for clinicians while performing endoscopic surgeries and regional nerve blocks. In the present study, a detailed analysis of the supraorbital foramen (SOF) and supraorbital notch (SON) of South Indian skulls is reported and the data are compared with those from other races and regions. METHODS Anatomical ...

BACKGROUND Associative high-frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) of the supraorbital nerve in five healthy individuals induced long-term potentiation (LTP)-like or depression (LTD)-like changes in the human blink reflex circuit according to the rules of spike timing-dependent plasticity (Mao and Evinger, 2001). HFS given at the onset of the R2 component of the blink reflex (HFS(LTP)) produced...

BACKGROUND Traumatic optic nerve lesions (TONL) are probable but unpredictable consequence after severe midface or skull base trauma. Based on a previously described rat model, the authors developed a new model in order to simulate optic nerve crush during trauma on the optic canal. METHODS To achieve a calibrated TONL, a microinjuring device was designed that made it possible to assess the c...