We report sulfur isotope anomalies with S, the deviation from a mass-dependent fractionation line for the three-isotope system (S/S vs. S/S), ranging up to 2‰ within individual Archean sedimentary sulfides from a variety of localities. Our measurements, which are made in situ by multicollector secondary ion mass spectrometry, unequivocally corroborate prior bulk measurements of mass-independent...

The labile sulfur of adrenodoxin was attacked by a nucleophile, triphenyl phosphine. The product was triphenyl phosphine sulfide regardless of the presence of 02. The stoichiometry between labile sulfur which disappeared and triphenyl phosphine sulfide formed was found to be 1: 1. The initial rate of the reaction follows second order kinetics with a rate constant of 2 to 3 X lo3 M-l mind1 at 38...

Test of a simple and flexible molecule model for α-, β-and γ-S 8 crystals S 8 is the most stable compound of elemental sulfur in solid and liquid phases, at ambient pressure and below 400K. Three crystalline phases of S 8 have been clearly identified in this range of thermodynamic parameters, although no calculation of its phase diagram has been performed yet. α-and γ-S 8 are orientationally or...

A liquid electrolyte lithium/sulfur (Li/S) cell is a liquid electrochemical system. In discharge, sulfur is first reduced to highly soluble Li2S8, which dissolves into the organic electrolyte and serves as the liquid cathode. In solution, lithium polysulfide (PS) undergoes a series of complicated disproportionations, whose chemical equilibriums vary with the PS concentration and affect the cell...

Sulfur particles coated by activation of metal alkoxide precursors, aluminum–sulfur (Alu–S) and vanadium–sulfur (Van–S), were produced dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technology under low temperature ambient pressure conditions. We report a safe, solvent-free, low-cost, low-energy consumption coating process that is compatible for sustainable up-scaling. NMR, XPS, SEM, XRD characteriz...

Understanding the thermal-chemical state of the Earth's core requires knowledge of the thermal expansion of iron-rich alloys at megabar pressures and high temperatures. Our survey of literature revealed a significant lack of such data. We have determined the unit-cell parameters of the iron-sulfur compound Fe(3)S by using synchrotron x-ray diffraction techniques and externally heated diamond-an...

To identify the actual substrate of the glutathione-dependent sulfur dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.18) elemental sulfur oxidation of the meso-acidophilic Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans strains DSM 504 and K6, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain R1 and Acidiphilium acidophilum DSM 700 was analysed. Extraordinarily high specific sulfur dioxygenase activities up to 460 nmol x min(-1) (mg protein)(-1) w...

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are a promising candidate of next generation energy storage systems owing to its high theoretical capacity and energy density. However, to date, its commercial application was hindered by the inherent problems of sulfur cathode. Additionally, with the rapid decline of non-renewable resources and active appeal of green chemistry, the intensive research of new elec...

Concerns about health effects due to emissions from ships have magnified international policy debate regarding low-sulfur fuel mandates for marine fuel. Policy discussions center on setting sulfur content levels and the geographic specification of low-sulfur fuel use. We quantify changes in premature mortality due to emissions from ships under several sulfur emissions control scenarios. We comp...

Sulfur-containing nitriles have important research value in the life sciences due to their diverse biological activities resulting from the sulfur and cyano functional groups. Herein, a copper-catalyzed cyanothiolation of N-tosylhydrazones with thiocyanates to generate a-arylthioalkanenitriles bearing sulfur-substituted quaternary carbon center atoms has been described. This novel protocol invo...