pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important pathogens that causes nosocomial infections and shows high level of antibiotic resistance. integrons are one of the transposable elements in bacteria and their role in antibiotic resistance has been well demonstrated. the aim of this study was a molecular characterization of the integron genes and the determination of the resistance or sensiti...

The yeast pleiotropic (multiple drug) resistance gene PDR5 encodes a product with homology to a large number of membrane transport proteins including the mammalian multiple drug resistance family. In this study, we identified four genes on chromosome II that affect the steady-state level of PDR5 transcript in addition to a previously identified positive regulator, PDR1. The genes in question ar...

Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension with the endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan has been associated with transient increases in liver transaminases. Mechanistically, bosentan inhibits the bile salt export pump (BSEP) leading to an intrahepatic accumulation of cytotoxic bile salts, which eventually results in hepatocellular damage. BSEP inhibition by bosentan is amplified by its ac...

conclusions the results of this study indicated that a decrease in oprd gene expression is an important mechanism of resistance in carbapenem resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from severe burn patients with secondary infection. results our study showed that 94.2% of the isolates were resistant to imipenem, 99.5% to meropenem, and all were resistant to ertapenem. the oprd gene expression...

background: campylobacter infections may lead to serious conditions, including septicemia or other invasive forms of the disease, which require rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis and subsequently appropriate antimicrobial therapy. the aim of this study was to compare the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of campylobacter spp. strains isolated from patients and f...

The efficacy of scarce drugs for many infectious diseases is threatened by the emergence and spread of resistance. Multiple studies show that available drugs should be used in a socially optimal way to contain drug resistance. This paper studies the tradeoff between risk of drug resistance and operational costs when using multiple drugs for a specific disease. Using a model for disease transmis...

Different studies on animals in around the world show that there are multiple-drug resistance in strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Such microorganisms are notorious for the extension of colibacillosis in poultry, which great economic losses bring for the poultry industry. This study was carried out to determine drug resistance and resistance factor transfer in E. coli strains isolated from...

conclusions in this study, like previous researches, e. coli was the most common pathogen. our results suggested a high rate of antibiotic resistance to common antibiotics for treatment of uti. because of the high resistance to cephalexin, cefotaxime and co-trimoxazole, their use is not recommended for treatment of utis. imipenem and vancomycin were the most active drugs against e. coli and sta...