Developing countries lacking technology infrastructures experience most disasters such as tsunami, hurricane Katrina, earthquakes. Even though, many lives are saved in developed countries through the use of high-level or sophisticated technology, only the technology that is easy to use, inexpensive, durable and field-tested should be introduced and used during the relief operation. The effect o...

Catastrophe models capable of rapid data ingestion, loss estimation and visualization are required for postevent analysis of catastrophic events such as earthquakes. This paper describes the design and development of the Automated Post-Event Earthquake Loss Estimation and Visualization (APE-ELEV) system for real-time estimation and visualization of losses incurred due to earthquakes. A model fo...

Optical backbone networks carry a huge amount of bandwidth and serve as a key enabling technology to provide telecommunication connectivity across the world. Currently, fiber-optic cables carry about 99% of global Internet traffic. Hence, in events of network component (node/link) failures, communication networks may suffer from huge amount of bandwidth loss and service disruptions. Natural dis...

Subduction zones form dominant tectonic features on the Earth and are the site of large underthrusting earthquakes and explosive arc volcanism. They are also the only locations with deep earthquakes in the Earth’s interior. Major questions remain regarding the dynamics of subduction zones, including aspects such as the role of water in the formation of arc volcanism and deep earthquakes, the in...

Earthquake An earthquake is the shaking or trembling of the earth, which may be natural or man-made (e.g., due to atomic explosion) in origin. An earthquake is a sudden, strong movement or slipping of the earth’s crust that result in a sudden release of energy. Earthquakes occur at certain locations where the tectonic plates which form the earth’s crust, coincide. Populations that live near the...

Predictions of earthquakes that are based on observations of precursory seismicity cannot depend on the average properties of the seismicity, such as the Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) distribution. Instead it must depend on the fluctuations in seismicity. We summarize the observational data of the fluctuations of seismicity in space, in time, and in a coupled space-time regime over the past 60 yr in ...