in this note we review a simple criterion, due to ekedahl, for superspecial curves defined over finite fields.using this we generalize and give some simple proofs for some well-known superspecial curves.

salmas plain is located at the west of uremia lake and at the 75 km of north of uremia city. the main river of the plain, called zulachai, is drained into uremia lake. salmas aquifer is one of the coastal aquifers of uremia lake and has hydraulic connection with the lake. the recent draught occurrences and increased water consumption in agriculture and drinking sections water have not only caus...

The underground water extraction induced subsidence has the characteristics of slow rate, less predictable location and coverage. Over a long time period, the cumulated subsidence can be up to a few metres. This paper demonstrates the feasibility and capability of using conventional two-pass differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) for monitoring the underground water extr...

The Ontong Java, Manihiki, and Shatsky oceanic plateaus are among the Earth’s largest igneous provinces and are commonly believed to have erupted rapidly during the surfacing of giant heads of initiating mantle plumes. We investigate this hypothesis by using sediment descriptions of Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) drill cores to constrain plateau subsidence his...

Since the early 1990s, sinkholes and wide, shallow subsidence features (WSSFs) have become major problems along the Dead Sea shores in Israel and Jordan. Sinkholes are readily observed in the field, but their locations and timing are unpredictable. WSSFs are often difficult to observe in the field. However, once identified, they delineate zones of instability and increasing hazard. In this stud...

A variety of implant-related short and long-term complications after lumbar fusion surgery are recognized. Mid to long-term complications due to cage migration and/or cage subsidence are less frequently reported. Here, we report a patient with a complete cage migration into the superior adjacent vertebral body almost 20 years after the initial posterior lumbar interbody fusion procedure. In thi...

In this paper, we present the results achieved in the long-term subsidence project in Norway, ESA AO-1104, which have made use of ERS SAR data. By applying the differential SAR interferometry technique referred to as Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) approach to a test area covering the city of Oslo, Norway, we show significant subsidence in several areas of more than 5 mm/year in the time period 19...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. PURPOSE To present radiographic outcomes following anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) utilizing a modular interbody device. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Though multiple anterior lumbar interbody techniques have proven successful in promoting bony fusion, postoperative subsidence remains a frequently reported phenomenon. METHODS Forty-three consecutiv...

BACKGROUND Clinical studies indicate that in total ankle arthroplasty, postoperative implant subsidence and medial tilt become two significant concerns of the ankle replacement system, and which are associated with the contact between the bones and the talar component. Up to now, little attention has focused on the contact between the bones and the talar component. MATERIAL AND METHODS In order...