OBJECTIVE To describe our technique and experience of treating adult subglottic stenosis using the Nd:YAG laser through a flexible bronchoscope via a fiberoptic delivery system. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. PATIENTS This study included 16 patients with subglottic stenosis who presented to the senior surgeon (M.R.R.) for laser bronchoscopy from January 2000 to December 2006. MAIN OUT...

A subglottic granuloma is one of the late-phase complications that can occur after intubation. It can cause a life-threatening airway obstruction; therefore, a rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan is necessary. A 62-year-old male had undergone an emergency total arch replacement for acute aortic dissection. Postoperative ventilation support had been performed until the 15th postoperat...

We assessed the iodine nutrition of upper socioeconomic strata school children from Delhi to identify its association with goiter, thyroid autoimmunity or thyroid function. After informed consent of parents, all assenting students (n=997) from one randomly selected section of each class from five private schools representing all the zones of Delhi) were evaluated for goiter, urinary iodine excr...

The radiologist needs to be aware of a potential pitfall that can influence the imaging appearance of thyroid goiter. Whether the patient is imaged with the arms overhead or by the side may affect the apparent mediastinal excursion of a goiter. CT scans obtained with the patient's arms by the side are more accurate for determining substernal extent of goiter than when the arms are overhead, a p...

Congenital goiter is considered a rare occurrence, and may be related to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or euthyroidism. In this report, we describe a case of fetal goiter identified in the 34th gestational week in a 41-year-old secundigravida with normal thyroid functions. A conservative approach was followed; the fetal goiter was monitored via ultrasound, which suggested this was a case of ...

1414 school children (789 boys and 625 girls) residing in east-Tehran, were evaluated for the evidence of goiter. 88% of girls and 71.5% of boys had goiter. In 30% of girls and 17.5% of boys goiter was clearly visible (grade 2 and over). FT4I, FT3I, TSH, and thyroglobulin concentrations were not significantly different in groups with or without goiter. The concentration of iodide in urine was 2...

Iodine deficiency remains a considerable challenge worldwide, even after decades of efforts to address the problem. The aim of this review is to present the current situation in historically iodine-deficient Pakistan regarding iodine nutritional status and place it in a global perspective. We collected relevant articles from online bibliographic databases and websites of concerned organizations...

Goiter is more common in women, suggesting that estrogen could be involved in its physiopathology. The presence of classical estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) has been described in thyroid tissue, suggesting a direct effect of estrogen on the gland. A nonclassic estrogen receptor, the G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER1), has been described recently in several tissues. However, in goiter,...

Subglottic stenosis is a complication of Wegener’s granulomatosis caused by tracheal tissue damage and scarring. It may occur as a presenting feature of the disease leading to diagnosis, or instead as a late-stage manifestation. Frequently, it occurs or progresses independently of other features of active disease, and sometimes appears while the general disease is in remission under therapy. Th...

We carefully assessed thyroid status and goiter by ultrasound in 1411 subjects virtually representing the entire resident population of Pescopagano, an iodine-deficient village of Southern Italy. Median urinary iodine excretion was 55 microg/L. The prevalence of goiter was 16.0% in children and 59.8% in adults. Thyroid nodularity was 0.5% in children and progressively increased with age to 28.5...