PURPOSE To investigate corneal healing and the factor(s) possibly responsible for refractive changes after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS Twenty eyes of 10 patients who underwent LASIK for myopia were examined clinically and by real-time confocal microscopy for 6 months. Epithelial and posterior stromal thicknesses and the thickness of the keratocyte activation zone were measur...

The percutaneus blockade of the celiac plexus is being performed nearly for a century. The aim of performing celiac plexus and splancnic nerve blocks was surgical anesthesia at the beginning. But because of the technical demands and variable results of celiac plexus and splanchnic nerve blocks as a surgical anesthetic, over time, these techniques were supplanted by spinal anesthesia and segment...

PURPOSE To quantitatively analyze laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) images of all corneal layers in contact lens-wearing and noncontact lens-wearing keratoconus patients. METHODS The study population included rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens-wearing keratoconus patients (group 1; N = 29), keratoconus patients who did not wear contact lenses (group 2; N = 30), and subject...

background: variations of the brachial plexus are common and a better awareness of the variations is of crucial importance to achieve successful results in its surgical procedures. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the anatomical variations of the brachial plexus in adult cadavers.   methods: bilateral upper limbs of 32 fresh cadavers (21 males and 11 females) consecutively referred ...

1. The following nerves arise from the lumbar plexus; a. Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh b. Obturator nerve c. Tibial nerve d. Saphenous nerve e. Sural nerve 2. Stimulation of hamstrings or knee flexion are acceptable motor responses using the PNS prior to LA injection. 3. Complications of Lumbar Plexus block include; a. Epidural block b. Sub arachnoid/intrathecal injection c. Cardiovascul...

PURPOSE We examined the age-dependent alterations and longitudinal course of subbasal nerve plexus (SNP) morphology in healthy individuals. METHODS Laser-scanning corneal confocal microscopy, ocular screening, and health and metabolic assessment were performed on 64 healthy participants at baseline and at 12-month intervals for 3 years. At each annual visit, eight central corneal images of th...

Pre and post-fixed variations at roots of the brachial plexus have been well documented, however little is known about the variations that exist in the branches which arise from the brachial plexus. In this paper, we describe about one such rare variation related to the dorsal scapular and the long thoracic nerve, which are the branches arising from the roots of the brachial plexus. The variati...

Comment on 'Capnography as an aid in localizing the phrenic nerve in brachial plexus surgery. Technical note' Bhagat H, Agarwal A, Sharma MSJournal of Brachial Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Injury 2008, 3:14 (22 May 2008).