abstract: mineral scaling in oil and gas production equipment is one of the most important problem that occurs while water injection and it has been recognized to be a major operational problem. the incompatibility between injected and formation waters may result in inorganic scale precipitation in the equipment and reservoir and then reduction of oil production rate and water injection rate. ...

short story as an important literary genre in the recent decade is focused by many of young writers and literary critical with searching structure, content , artistic techniques and cognitive phenomenon of these works , we can show quantity of using some parts of storied literature from new literal techniques of the word and also we can show the usage of native, cultural and social foundation...

abstract previous studies on willingness to communicate (wtc) have shown the influence of many individual or situational factors on students’ tendency to engage in classroom communication, in which wtc has been viewed either at the trait-level or situational level. however, due to the complexity of the notion of willingness to communicate, the present study suggests that these two strands are ...

the history of plant’s used for mankind is as old as the start of humankind. initially, people used plants for their nutritional proposes but after the discovery of medicinal properties, this natural ?ora became a useful source of disease cure and health improvement across various human communities. berberis vulgaris is one of the medicinal plants used in iranian traditional medicine. berberis ...

muhammad ibn muhammad ibn numan, known as "shaykh mufid," one of the great imamiye theologians and jurists in the fourth and early fifth century , had comprehensive mastery of both rational and traditional topics and exerted his influence upon both his contemporary and future scholors. he is considered to be one of the top imamiye scholars who spent his lifetime teaching, learning and authorin...

the study aims to achieve research and testing of hypotheses survey techniques and questionnaires to collect information used. 61 questions in the questionnaire included 15 questions and 46 open questions according to research in the study population, girls and their mothers as the value of different children investment should be. mothers according to the research community benefits from havi...

the debate whether esp teachers need to have knowledge of the specialized field they are teaching has been an issue in the literature over the last two decades. the aim of conducting this study was to explore iranian learners’ and instructors’ beliefs and attitudes concerning the role of specialized knowledge in teaching esp classes. a seventeen item questionnaire was administered to 400 esp le...

to teach english adequately, qualified teachers are needed. unfortunately, there are still teachers who are teaching english without an academic degree in tefl. it is necessary for teachers to have a major in english to have subject knowledge, but it is not sufficient. teachers need to have an understanding of the social, cultural, moral, ethical, and pedagogical issues of education and practic...

legal establishment of court is the birth of social life; each person should define him/herself against others offence or violation. when a society forms and the legal character appears, the thought of society refers to a person name prosecuting attorney who is the president of the court for defending his/her rights. prosecuting attorney remindterms such as court, crime and punishment. accordi...

one of the applications of nanotechnology is use of carbon nanotubes for the targeted delivery of drug molecules. to demonstrate the physical and chemical properties of biomolecules and identify new material of drug properties, the interaction of carbon nanotubes (cnts) with biomolecules is a subject of many investigations. cnts is a synthetic compound with extraordinary mechanical, thermal, el...