data envelopment analysis (dea) is a nonparametric technique that includes models to evaluate the relative efficiency of decision making units (dmus). it has the ability to separate efficient units and inefficient units. one of the applications of this mathematical technique is evaluating performance of supply chain. according to such as the inefficiency factors of one dmu, is existence congest...

For several decades growth of traffic volumes has outstripped investments in road infrastructure. The result has been a relentless increase in traffic congestion. This paper reviews the economic principles behind congestion pricing in static and dynamic settings, which derive from the benefits of charging travellers for the externalities they create. Special attention is paid to various complic...

This paper describes the use of Congestion Pricing as a means of providing Congestion Control and Di erentiated Quality of Service. The application of the proposed technique to the Internet Protocol has the advantage that it can be simply implemented using Explicit Congestion Noti cation. In particular: the network mechanism is independent of higher level protocols; the end systems can continue...

Using techniques from evolutionary game theory, we analyze potential games with continuous player sets, a class of games which includes a general model of network congestion as a special case. We concisely characterize both the complete set of Nash equilibria and the set of equilibria which are robust against small disturbances of aggregate behavior. We provide a strong evolutionary justificati...

in this paper, we introduce the notion of primal strong co-ideals and give some results involving them. it is shown thatsubtractive strong co-ideals are intersection of all primal strong co-ideals that contain them. also we prove that the representation of strong co-ideals as reduced intersections of primal strong co-ideals is unique.

While today’s data centers are multiplexed across many non-cooperating applications, they lack effective means to share their network. Relying on TCP’s congestion control, as we show from experiments in production data centers, opens up the network to denial of service attacks and performance interference. We present Seawall, a network bandwidth allocation scheme that divides network capacity b...

Although ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), is a widely accepted standard for WANs (Wide Area Networks), it has not yet been widely embraced by the NOW community, because (i) most current ATM switches (and interfaces) have high latency, and and (ii) they drop cells when (even short-term) congestion happens. In this paper, we present ATLAS I, a single-chip ATM switch with 20 Gbits/sec aggregate I...

Traffic congestion in urban road and freeway networks leads to a strong degradation of the network infrastructure and accordingly reduced throughput which can be countered via suitable control measures and strategies. A concise overview of proposed and implemented control strategies is provided for three areas: urban road networks, freeway networks and route guidance. The paper concludes with a...

Drivers in urban neighborhoods who patrol streets, seeking inexpensive on-street parking create a significant fraction of measured traffic congestion. The pool of drivers patrolling at any time can be modeled as a queue, where ‘queue service’ is the act of parking in a recently vacated parking space and queue discipline is SIRO – Service In Random Order. We develop a queueing model of such driv...

Achieved wireless networks since its beginning the prevalent wide due to the increasing wireless devices represented by smart phones and laptop, and the proliferation of networks coincides with the high speed and ease of use of the Internet and enjoy the delivery of various data such as video clips and games. Here's the show the congestion problem arises and represent   aim of the research is t...