This paper proposes a logic that is specially designed to deal with rules and the reasons based on them. Although the logic is inspired by characteristics of legal reasoning, it aspires to be suitable for dealing with other kinds of rule guided reasoning as well. It is characteristic for this logic that rules are treated as individuals rather than as conditionals, and that application of a rule...

strict liability is the result of philosophical ideas of lawyers in front of developments in human knowledge and complexity of social relationships. strict liability the main aim is facilitation of victim's compensation, so the proof of fault is not necessary and causation is sufficient. this type of liability is justified by various foundations of economics, society and morality. in the b...

Non-strict don't care functions, whose foremost representative is the ubiquitous if then else, play an essential role in computer science. As far as the semantics is concerned, they can be modelled by their totalizations with the appropriate use of elements representing undeenedness, as D. Scott has shown in his denotational approach. The situation is not so straightforward when we consider non...