the development of materials for language teaching has been retraced from different perspectives. for example, some have identified influences of a social view on designing course books and compiling materials for language classes. the purpose of this article is to focus on the specific case of elt material, its design and priorities in the context of iran. this article also offers a detailed a...

Although university EFL students represent a wide array of social and cultural identities, their multiple and diverse identities are not usually considered in foreign language classrooms. This qualitative case study attempted to examine identity conflicts experienced by Iranian EFL learners at the university context. To this end, two Shiraz University students' identities were investigated. Sem...

Due to the continuing linguistic and cultural diversity among K-12 students in the US and across the Englishspeaking world and the increasing influence of digital technologies on learning, this qualitative study explores pre-service teachers’ perceptions of learning a foreign language online, and how such experience influence teaching linguistically, culturally, and technologically diverse stud...

Sorting is a classic problem and one to which many others reduce easily. In the streaming model, however, we are allowed only one pass over the input and sublinear memory, so in general we cannot sort. In this paper we show that, to determine the sorted order of a multiset s of size n containing σ distinct elements using one pass and o(n log σ) bits of memory, it is generally necessary and suff...

Maintaining that language and culture are interwoven to the extent that learning the former is largely dependent on the latter, this study aimed to investigate the attitude of Iranian English as Foreign Language (EFL) Learners of Tehran South Branch of Islamic Azad University (both undergraduates and postgraduates) towards the learning of the cultural aspects of language, both the target and so...

english is an important language in hong kong, an international city located on the southern coast of the people’s republic of china that, for over 150 years to 1997, was a british colony. this paper describes and analyses changes in teaching methodologies in the english language curriculum formally proposed for hong kong junior secondary schools from 1975 to the present day, to study how the c...

Project Pad, an open-source endeavor under development at Northwestern University, is an integrated web-based set of tools for searching, organizing, annotating and analyzing objects from digital repositories, for integrating those objects and analyses into web-based projects and for group exchange and decision making. It supports synchronous interaction between users and interaction with media...