This paper studies a difference operator for stochastic systems whose specifications are represented by Abstract Probabilistic Automata (APAs). In the case refinement fails between two specifications, the target of this operator is to produce a specification APA that represents all witness PAs of this failure. Our contribution is an algorithm that permits to approximate the difference of two de...

We discuss a novel approach for dealing with single-stage stochastic constraint satisfaction problems (SCSPs) that include random variables over a continuous or large discrete support. Our approach is based on two novel tools: sampled SCSPs and (α, θ)-solutions. Instead of explicitly enumerating a very large or infinite set of future scenarios, we employ statistical estimation to determine if a...

Hybrid Petri nets have been extended to include general transitions that fire after a randomly distributed amount of time. With single one-shot transition the state space and evolution over time can be represented either as Parametric Location Tree or Stochastic Time Diagram . Recent work has shown both representations combined then allow multiple stochastic firings. This presents an algorithm ...

Continuing the work K. C. Das, I. Gutman, B. Furtula, On second geometric-arithmetic index of graphs, Iran. J. Math Chem., 1(2) (2010) 17-28, in this paper we present lower and upper bounds on the third geometric-arithmetic index GA3 and characterize the extremal graphs. Moreover, we give Nordhaus-Gaddum-type result for GA3.

This paper presents a study on associative mental arithmetic with mean-field Boltzmann Machines. We examined the role of number representations, showing theoretically and experimentally that cardinal number representations (e.g., numerosity) are superior to symbolic and ordinal representations w.r.t. learnability and cognitive plausibility. Only the network trained on numerosities exhibited the...

Numerical integration is a widely used approach for computing an approximate result of a definite integral. Conventional digital implementations of numerical integration using binary radix encoding are costly in terms of hardware and have long computational delay. This work proposes a novel method for performing numerical integration based on the paradigm of logical computation on stochastic bi...

Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) models are used to describe the dynamics of complex systems with inherent randomness. The primary purpose of these models is to study rare but interesting or important behaviours, such as the formation of a tumour. Stochastic simulations are the most common means for estimating (or bounding) the probability of rare behaviours, but the cost of simulations i...