Stimulus salience depends both on behavioral context and on other factors such as novelty and frequency of occurrence. The temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) responds preferentially to behaviorally relevant stimuli and is thought to play a general role in detecting salient stimuli. If so, it should respond preferentially to novel or infrequent events, even in a neutral behavioral context. To test ...

BACKGROUND Our recent event-related potential (ERP) study showed that adolescents are more emotionally sensitive to negative events compared to adults, regardless of the valence strength of the events. The current work aimed to confirm this age-related difference in response to emotional stimuli of diverse intensities by examining Electroencephalography (EEG) oscillatory power in time-frequency...

Abstract We reviewed current definitions of vigilance to propose a definition, applicable in sleep medicine. As previous contained terms such as attention, alertness, and arousal, we addressed these concepts too. defined alertness quantitative measure the mind state governing sensitivity stimuli. Arousal comprises stimulus-induced upward change irrespective subsequent duration increased level a...

Additive manufacturing with stimuli-responsive materials—4D printing—is a rapidly growing field, direct ink writing allowing deposition of wide variety materials. The synthesis humidity-sensitive cholesteric liquid crystal oligomer is reported. With the responsive ink, demonstrator devices exhibiting ink's “four dimensionality” are printed in disparate fashions: as structural color change or pr...

The biological taste system has the unique ability to detect substances. Biomaterials originating from a have been recognized as ideal candidates serve sensitive elements in development of taste-based biosensors. In this study, we developed bud organoid-based biosensor for research sensation. Taste organoids prepared newborn mice were cultured and loaded onto surface 64-channel microelectrode a...