We recorded Event-Related Potentials to investigate differences in the use of gender information during the processing of reflexive pronouns. Pronouns either matched the gender provided by role nouns (such as "king" or "engineer") or did not. We compared two types of gender information, definitional information, which is semantic in nature (a mother is female), or stereotypical (a nurse is like...

The striatum and the nucleus accumbens are the main input structures of the basal ganglia (BG). They contribute differently to motor behavior controlled by the BG in rats, e.g., stereo-typed behavior, catalepsy, and locomotion. Whereas the striatum is predominantly involved in the control of sniffing behavior and catalepsy, the nucleus accumbens contributes to control of locomotion. To test whe...

Previous research has shown that gender-related stereotypes are even applied to robots. In HRI, a robot’s appearance, for instance, visual facial gender cues such as hairstyle of a robot have successfully been used to elicit gender-stereotypical judgments about male and female prototypes, respectively. To complement the set of features to visually indicate a robot’s gender, we explored the impa...

This article analyzes two comic incidents portrayed in Gadda’s That Awful Mess on the Via Merulana and its adaptation The Facts of Murder by Pietro Germi. We argue that inclusion what we term ‘stereotypical gags’ detective novel functions as a modernist device brings about distancing audience acts to distort boundaries genre. show how stereotypical gag both foregrounds backgrounds authorial hum...

The development of multicellular organisms is dependent on the tight coordination between tissue growth and morphogenesis. The stereotypical orientation of cell divisions has been proposed to be a fundamental mechanism by which proliferating and growing tissues take shape. However, the actual contribution of stereotypical division orientation (SDO) to tissue morphogenesis is unclear. In zebrafi...

not only does media reflect realities but also it shapes them and while being effective on our knowledge of world surrounding us. over the recent decade, women, along with their traditional roles, have approached new social activities, which were considered exclusively masculine in the past, and have created a stable status for themselves. but it seems that this change is not considered by t.v....

People can make decisions to join a group based solely on exposure to that group's physical environment. Four studies demonstrate that the gender difference in interest in computer science is influenced by exposure to environments associated with computer scientists. In Study 1, simply changing the objects in a computer science classroom from those considered stereotypical of computer science (...

Aripiprazole is a third-generation atypical antipsychotic and a dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist. In the present study, we investigated whether a single administration of aripiprazole to mice, either as a pretreatment or as a posttreatment, would affect stereotypy induced by methamphetamine (METH). Pretreatment of male ICR mice with aripiprazole (1 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) attenuated the incidenc...

Concrete Stereotypical Probalistic Reasoning Correct 4.26** -1.36 -3.22* Wrong -4.26** 1.36 3.22* Note. *p< .01 for a monodirectional hypothesis (df = 2); ** p< .001 for a monodirectional hypothesis (df = 2).

The potential of interprofessional education (IPE) to influence the perceptions and attitudes of health and social care professionals towards their colleagues in other disciplines is well recognized. However, empirical evidence for the positive impact of IPE on stereotypical beliefs has been limited. We report the findings of a pioneering, large scale study designed to assess the influence of I...