In adult rats, kainic acid induces status epilepticus and delayed, selective cell loss of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA3. In pup rats, kainate induces status epilepticus but not the accompanying neuronal cell death. The precise mechanisms underlying this age-dependent vulnerability to seizure-induced cell death are not understood. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are developm...

Functional modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptors by Zn(2+), pentobarbital, neuroactive steroid alphaxalone, and flunitrazepam was studied in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of rats undergoing status epilepticus induced by pilocarpine. Under control conditions, Zn(2+) dose-dependently inhibited muscimol-stimulated uptake of (36)Cl(-) in cortical and cerebellar membranes...

Status epilepticus is a very rare complication of electroconvulsive therapy. A case of a 58-year old patient with catatonic schizophrenia is reported who developed a status epilepticus after ECT. At a neurological critical care unit the status finally could be stopped. The origin of the epileptic status lastly remained unclear (German J Psychiatry 2013; 16(2): 81-83).

Several medications such as baclofen, amitriptyline and even antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine or vigabatrin are known to induce absence status epilepticus in patients with generalized epilepsies. Tiagabine (TGB) is effective in patients with focal epilepsies. However, TGB has also been reported to induce non-convulsive status epilepticus in several patients with focal epilepsies and in...

OBJECTIVE Electroencephalographic status epilepticus occurs in 9-35% of comatose patients after cardiac arrest. Mortality is 90-100%. It is unclear whether (some) seizure patterns represent a condition in which anti-epileptic treatment may improve outcome, or severe ischemic damage, in which treatment is futile. We explored current treatment practice and its effect on patients' outcome. METHO...

Twenty patients with complex partial status epilepticus were identified retrospectively from a specialist neurology hospital. Seventeen patients experienced recurrent episodes of complex partial status epilepticus, often occurring at regular intervals, usually over many years, and while being treated with effective anti-epileptic drugs. No unifying cause for the recurrences, and no common epile...

Continuous electroencephalography (EEG) is a major tool for monitoring patients admitted to the intensive care unit after refractory convulsive status epilepticus, following control of movements. We review values different EEG patterns observed in critically ill prognosis and seizure risk, together with proposed criteria non-convulsive epilepticus diagnosis (Salzburg Criteria), scores (Epidemio...

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Although generalized convulsive status epilepticus is a life-threatening emergency, the best initial drug treatment is uncertain. We conducted a five-year randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial of four intravenous regimens: diazepam (0.15 mg per kilogram of body weight) followed by phenytoin (18 mg per kilogram), lorazepam (0.1 mg per kilogram), phenobarbital (15 mg ...

We recently experienced a case with asymmetrical cortical abnormality on MRI with focal status epilepticus following severe hypoglycemia. The cerebral blood flow and metabolisms for oxygen and glucose were determined using positron emission tomography (PET) during focal status epilepticus following severe hypoglycemia and at the follow-up period. Prolonged seizure activity produced profound glu...