introduction the city population, in particular at the industrialized cities and centers of provinces, has increased dramatically in iran during recent decades. arak city as center of markazi province is among those industrialized cities which has experienced a fast increase in population. these changes in population numbers tend to increase consuming water resources as well as increasing in en...

For future climate projections to be useful they must actionable at the local level. In this study, we develop daily temperature and precipitation scenarios suitable for use in of drought, energy use, water crop production. We investigate magnitude changes air Midwest United States response three change scenarios. Results are used assess incidence extremes human comfort (using heat index) assoc...

In this paper we present a new dynamic, cache coherence protocol for Software Distributed Shared Memory (SDSM) systems that adopt the scope-consistency model[7]. We initially outline our basic protocol, called Reduced Message Protocol (RMP), and then propose two enhancements: the Multiple Home RMP (RMP-MH) and the Lock Migration RMP (RMP-LM). The experimentation we conducted with the proposed p...

Downscaling of climate model data is essential to local and regional impact analysis. We compare two methods of statistical downscaling to produce continuous, gridded time series of precipitation and surface air temperature at a 1/8-degree (approximately 140 km2 per grid cell) resolution over the western U.S. We use NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data from 1950–1999 as a surrogate General Circulation Mod...

Six approaches for downscaling climate model outputs for use in hydrologic simulation were evaluated, with particular emphasis on each method’s ability to produce precipitation and other variables used to drive a macroscale hydrology model applied at much higher spatial resolution than the climate model. Comparisons were made on the basis of a twenty-year retrospective (1975– 1995) climate simu...