In order to determine the frequency of third and fourth heart sounds during cardiovascular stress, 61 patients with chest pain syndromes and normal resting phonocardiograms underwent phonocardiography both before and during submaximal handgrip exercise. Cardiac catheterization, selective coronary arteriography, and left ventriculography were performed in all patients. Twenty-nine had phonocardi...

Introduction:   Muscle weakness and balance problems are limiting factors in Multiple sclerosis patients that can be improved due to physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on balance function and Physiological Cost Index in patients with MS in Yazd city in 1394. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in two stages...

PURPOSE This study investigated the influence of static stretching exercises on specific exercise performances. METHODS Thirty-eight volunteers participated in this study. The stretching group (STR) consisted of 8 males and 11 females whose activity was limited to a 10-wk, 40-min, 3-d.wk(-1) static stretching routine designed to stretch all the major muscle groups in the lower extremity. The ...

We present an exercise description language suitable for the representation of interactive exercises which involve mathematical entities, and have complex structures. One of the goals of the language is to provide primitives for support of interactive environments where adaptive presentation of steps and feedback is required. Using this scheme, exercises can be generated from static documents, ...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by degradation of the central nervous system myelin which may impair the balance of patients. Core Stability Exercises have been the focus of attention for repairing the stability of some patients.   Objectives: To assess the effect of core stability exercise on the balance of patients with multiple sclerosis. ...

This study examined the effects of baseline flexibility and vertical jump ability on straight leg raise range of motion (ROM) and counter-movement jump performance (CMJ) following different volumes of stretching and potentiating exercises. ROM and CMJ were measured after two different warm-up protocols involving static stretching and potentiating exercises. Three groups of elite athletes (10 ma...

The purpose of this study was to compare three warm-up protocols--static stretching, dynamic stretching, and light aerobic activity--on selected measures of range of motion and power in untrained females and to investigate the sustained effects at 5 and 30 minutes after warm-up. A total of 24 healthy females (ages 23-29 years) attended one familiarization session and three test sessions on nonc...