The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Highway Planning requires states to furnish vehicle classification data as part of the Highway Performance Monitoring Systems (HPMS). To comply with this requirement, most states use the “F-Scheme” to classify vehicles. This scheme classifies vehicles in 13 classes depending on a number of factors, primarily the number of axles and the axle sp...

The article considers and calculates the brake system of a two-axle service diesel motor car, consisting two subsystems acting separately on axles provided that each axle is served by one cylinder 501b. A calculation was made in order to evaluate effectiveness friction tread car model AS-01uz.

Rotaxane-structure-specific Pd-catalyzed rearrangement of propargyl or allyl urethane groups to oxazolidinone moieties proceeded efficiently. The conversion took place successively by the translation of the wheel along the axle, thus providing a novel macrocyclic catalytic system.

This communication reports a novel sandwich-like rotaxane shuttle, which exhibits a unique mode of potential-controlled behaviour. Two dynamic processes occur simultaneously - conformational "unfolding" of the DADA stack accompanies translocation of the ring over the rotaxane's axle.

The synthesis of a water soluble [2]rotaxane is reported using hydrophilic secondary rim functionalised permethylated β-cyclodextrin derivatives as the axle stopper groups. The rotaxane recognises halide anions in pure water with impressive selectivity over sulfate.

Nowadays, press-fitting is widely used in the manufacturing industry because it allows easy and fast installation repetitive, strong, inherently reliable. The quality of a assembly can be verified from curves forced monitoring. This study aims to investigate characteristics curve with various interference railway wheelset models determine limit that axles withstand at maximum holding torque wit...

The potential for lightweighting of railway axles was investigated to primarily reduce the unsprung mass a rail vehicle. reduction equates an overall lighter train which will help track damage, energy consumption and total operating costs. This work performed within NEXTGEAR project is ascribed under Shift2Rail program. paper focusses on design composite axle as part “Wheelset future” Work Pack...

This paper provides a hierarchical control strategy for cooperative braking system of an electric vehicle with separated driven axles. Two layers are defined: the top layer is used to optimize the braking stability based on two sliding mode control strategies, namely, the interaxle control mode and signal-axle control strategies; the interaxle control strategy generates the ideal braking force ...

This paper presents a method for using a dual roadside seismic sensor to detect moving vehicles on roadway by installing them on a road shoulder. Seismic signals are split into fixed time intervals in recording. In each interval, the time delay of arrival (TDOA) is estimated using a generalized cross-correlation approach with phase transform (GCC-PHAT). Various kinds of vehicle characterization...