Background. Kidney stones are one of the three most common cases in urology. The best standard management for kidney with stone burden >20mm is PCNL (percutaneous nephrolithotomy), a minimal invasive method that uses percutaneous access to remove stones. One complications was bleeding which can be caused by several factors , them burden.Objective. look at relationship hemoglobin drop ...

A 50-year-old tetraplegic gentleman was referred with visible haematuria and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) presenting as behavioural difficulty. His past medical history includes diffuse brain injury following a motorbike accident, hypertension, BMI 41, performance status 4, needing hoist for transfer. CT showed bilateral staghorn complete calculi measuring the maximum length of 3 cm...

Anatrophic Nephrolithotomy is a major open trans renal surgery not too infrequently performed for a large branched stag horn calculus of the Kidney. The procedure involves adequate dissection of the kidney and its vascular supply, clamping the renal artery, surface cooling of the kidney with ice slush and performing a posterior capsulotomy and a blunt nephrotomy in a relatively a vascular plane...

Urolithiasis is a worldwide problem in the general population, due to its high prevalence and frequency of recurrence. Since the first successful stone extraction through a nephrostomy in 1976, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has become the preferred procedure especially for treatment of large, complex staghorn calculi. Of the minimally invasive treatment strategies, the PCNL procedure is s...

The introduction of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and the development of "minimally invasive" endourological procedures have completely changed the management of urinary calculi. Nevertheless, some aspects in this field still remain controversial. Conservative management is the first option, when the stone can pass spontaneously. The majority of the patients can be successfully t...

Objective: To present our experience regarding the safety and efficacy of prone PCNL in morbidly obese patients. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Armed Forces Institute Urology, Rawalpindi. Period: February 2018 to 2020. Material & Methods: After applying inclusion exclusion criteria, a total 47 patients undergoing position were observed prospectively. The demographic data, intra...

Since its initial introduction in 1976, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been widely performed for the management of large renal stones and currently is recommended for staghorn calculi, kidney stones larger than 2 cm, and shock wave lithotripsy-resistant lower pole stones greater than 1 cm. However, except for open and laparoscopic surgery, PCNL is the most invasive of the minimally inv...

Gas in the leg is not always a gas gangrene. Abdominal infection with gas forming organisms may spread to the thigh & leg. We report a case of critically ill patient who presented to the emergency department with features suggestive of septic arthritis of the left hip. Assessment and further intervention revealed subcutaneous emphysema of the leg secondary to an infection of a previously asympt...