INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare first accessory gutta-percha penetration after the use of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) or stainless-steel spreaders in curved resin blocks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty resin blocks with 30º and 45º curvatures (20 blocks for each) were prepared and #30 master cones were placed in canals. In part one, under 20 Newton pressure, Ni-Ti or stainless-...

The purpose of this study was to determine if passive ultrasonic irrigation using finger spreaders was more effective than standard files in removing debris after root canal instrumentation. Eighty-five straight canals were instrumented and then passively ultrasonically irrigated with either fluted files or nonfluted finger spreaders for 3 minutes or 1 minute. Images of split canal lumens were ...

The article presents the results of study to substantiate angle vertical installation fertilizer spreader, which localizes between rows cotton. Based on obtained, a working body is developed for mixing organic and mineral fertilizers during intercropping. movement pieces along X Y axes was studied. coordinates pieces’ landing point surface their velocities, motion equations in next jump were cr...

This paper presents a possible realization of a (CD)MA multiuser communication system. The state variables of two synchronized chaotic Chua’s circuits are thereby used to generate identical continuous valued spreader sequences in the transmitter and the receiver. To create a higher degree of randomness in the signatures, the state variables are processed by a k-shift cypher. The performance to ...

The impact of livestock farming on the incidence of human Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection was assessed by using several livestock density indicators (LDI) that were generated in a systematic approach. A total of 80 LDI were considered suitable proxy measures for livestock density. Multivariate Poisson regression identified several LDI as having a significant spatial asso...

As the package’s complexity and compactness grow, the challenge of nondestructive analysis becomes more difficult for the ultra-fine pitched interconnections and the heat spreader structures. To confront this analysis issue, the ultrafine-pitch wirebond interconnect with thermally enhanced heat spreader attached to the ball grid array (BGA) package are analyzed. Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) ...

A 3D imaging technique using a high speed binocular stereovision system was developed in combination with corresponding image processing algorithms for accurate determination of the parameters of particles leaving the spinning disks of centrifugal fertilizer spreaders. Validation of the stereo-matching algorithm using a virtual 3D stereovision simulator indicated an error of less than 2 pixels ...

The numerical simulation and two kinds of experiments are conducted to investigate the thermal performance of several kinds of heat spreaders for high power memory module. For numerical study, commercial code, Flotherm, is used to model the 1GByte DDR memory module array. The convection heat transfer is analyzed for the memory module array with solid heat spreader under the airflow condition. F...