Phytophthora blight of pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian is a destructive disease throughout the world. Cuminic acid, extracted from the seed of Cuminum cyminum L., belongs to the benzoic acid chemical class. In this study, the sensitivity and biochemical response of P. capsici to cuminic acid was determined. The mean EC50 (50% effective concentration) values for cuminic acid in inh...

Phytophthora diseases have become a major impediment in the citrus production in Thailand. In this study, an isolate of Phytophthora denominated as PHY02 was proven to be causal pathogen of root rot of Pomelo (Citrus maxima) in Thailand. The isolate PHY02 was morphologically characterized and identified as Phytophthora palmivora based on molecular analysis of an internal transcribed spacer rDNA...

It has recently been proposed by Wellington et al. that the genus Kitasatosporia Omura, Takahashi, Iwai and Tanaka (9) is a synonym of the genus Streptomyces, and four validly published species, Kitasatosporia setae (9), Kitasatosporia griseola (12), Kitasatosporia phosalacinea (12) and Kitasatosporia mediocidica (3), have been transferred to the genus Streptomyces as new combinations, Streptom...

The synthesis and localization of an endospore surface epitope associated with the development of Pasteuria penetrans was determined using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) as a probe. Nematodes, uninfected or infected with P. penetrans, were harvested at 12, 16, 24, and 38 days after inoculation (DAI) and then examined to determine the developmental stage of the bacterium. Vegetative growth of P. pe...

Mature stage IVb Phycomyces sporangiophores show left-hand spiral growth; that is, viewed from above, the sporangium rotates clockwise. It has been shown that mechanical conditioning (strain-hardening) of the cell wall by the Instron technique increases the ratio of rotation to the elongation growth rate compared to nonmechanically conditioned controls. It is reported that the addition of a sat...

Endospores of Bacillus subtilis are encased in a thick, proteinaceous shell known as the coat, which is composed of a large number of different proteins. Here we report the identification of three previously uncharacterized coat-associated proteins, YabP, YheD, and YutH, and their patterns of subcellular localization during the process of sporulation, obtained by using fusions of the proteins t...

In many excitatory synapses, mobile zinc is found within glutamatergic vesicles and is coreleased with glutamate. Ex vivo studies established that synaptically released (synaptic) zinc inhibits excitatory neurotransmission at lower frequencies of synaptic activity but enhances steady state synaptic responses during higher frequencies of activity. However, it remains unknown how synaptic zinc af...

In plants, membrane-bound receptor kinases are essential for developmental processes, immune responses to pathogens and the establishment of symbiosis. We previously identified the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) receptor kinase IMPAIRED OOMYCETE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (IOS1) as required for successful infection with the downy mildew pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. We report here that IOS1...

We used immunofluorescence microscopy to investigate mechanisms governing the establishment of cellspecific gene transcription during sporulation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. The transcription factors s and s are synthesized shortly after the start of sporulation but do not become active in directing gene transcription until after polar division, when the activity of s is confined to the...

In the order Chytridiales, Rhizophydium is a morphologically defined genus based upon the production of a monocentric, inoperculate, epibiotic sporangium, an endobiotic rhizoidal axis which branches, and an epibiotic resting spore. Despite its simple morphology, over 220 species of Rhizophydium have been described. Recent phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU rRNA (28 S rRNA) gene sequences of a ge...