A change in the expression of cytokines in human biological media indicates an inflammatory response to external stressors and reflects an early step along the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for various health endpoints. To characterize and interpret this inflammatory response, methodology was developed for measuring a suite of 10 different cytokines in human blood, exhaled breath condensate (EB...

Using capillary electrophoresis combined with tandem mass spectrometry, we have developed a method to simultaneously detect lorazepam, clonazepam, temazepam, oxazepam, diazepam, and nitrazepam in urine. The urine samples were submitted to a modified QuEChERS extraction procedure, followed by electrophoretic separation in 0.1 M formic acid electrolyte (pH 2.4) using a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coa...

The following pyrethrin and pyrethroid pesticides were determined in urine and water matrixes by liquid chromatography with diode array detection (LC-DAD): pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, tetramethrin, baythroid, bifenthrin, fenvalerate, phenothrin, allethrin, resmethrin, cis-permethrin, and trans-permethrin. In addition, 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol, a metabolite of various pyrethroids, was also success...

Glycol ethers, such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) and monobuthyl (PGBE) are solvents found in many professional domestic products. In biomonitoring studies, the type of materials used to collect, store, transport these samples can greatly influence analytical results because adsorb analyte. Plastic tubes generally have a hydrophobic internal surface that reduce concentration certa...

A simple and fast lipid extraction method from human blood plasma and urine is introduced in this study. The effective lipid extraction from biological systems with a minimization of the matrix effect is important for the successful qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipids in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The method described here ...

A simple, sensitive, specific assay technique for the detection and semi-quantification of chloroquine, amodiaquine, quinine, primaquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine in formulations and in human urine by using thin layer chromatography (TLC) was developed and tested in the laboratory. The method involved developing test samples spotted on TLC chromatogram by diethylamine-toluene-isopropanol (...

Brucellosis and leptospirosis are zoonotic diseases and cause much economic losses in livestock by causing abortion, stillbirth and infertility. Both organisms are excreted in milk and thus increasing the risk of infecting other animals and human. Early detection of organisms is desirable for effective treatment and control of diseases. In this study, multiplex PCR was attempted to detect Bruce...

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and spectrofluorimetry, coupled with chemometrics methods, are proposed in this work for the pre-concentration and determination of ofloxacin concentration in spiked human urine. Chloroform and acetonitrile were selected as the extraction and dispersive solvents by the one-variable-at-a-time process. The Box-Behnken design was used to optimize th...

urinary 1-hydroxypuren (1-ohp) is commonly used as a major metabolite and biological indicator of the overall exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). for evaluation of human exposure to such compounds, biological monitoring is an essential process, in which, preparation of samples is one of the most time-consuming and error-prone aspects prior to chromatographic techniques. in this...

background detection of fastidious enteropathogenic bacteria in fecal samples of patients with gastroenteritis is a challenge in clinical microbiological laboratories. objectives the aim of this study was to compare the detection limits of the pcr and culture methods for the diagnosis of campylobacter spp., yersinia spp., clostridium perfringens, and clostridium difficile in human stool samples...