This paper provides a broad-ranging review in a global context of many aspects of developing changes in intellectual property rights (IPR) in response to the currently rapidly changing technological and information industries. As such, it covers such matters as knowledge ownership, the IPR framework, TRIPS and WTO in relation to developing countries, technology transfer and balance in a world-w...

In this paper, we present a hardware-software cosimulation environment for heterogeneous systems. To be an efficient system verification environment for the rapid prototyping of heterogeneous systems, the environment provides interface transparency, simulation acceleration, smooth transition to cosynthesis, and integrated user interface and internal representation. As an experimental example, a...

CONTEXT • Helping adolescents protect their health is an important public health priority. Beyond benefiting young people themselves , increased investment in adolescent sexual and reproductive health contributes to broader development goals, especially improvements in the overall status of women and, eventually, reductions in poverty among families. • In every developing country, early marriag...

Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been represented disproportionately in the HIV epidemic in high income countries since the first HIV/AIDS cases were reported in MSM in 1981. Among all vulnerable HIV populations, MSM account for the preponderance of prevalent AIDS cases in Western Europe [1,2]. Similarly, the largest numbers of persons with newly diagnosed HIV infections (range 45%–65%) are...

OBJECTIVE In this paper, we review evidence of HCV prevalence among injecting drug users (IDUs) worldwide. METHODS We undertook a desk-based review of both 'grey' and published literature released between 1998 and 2005. RESULTS Data on HCV prevalence among IDUs was found in 57 countries and in 152 sub-national areas. We found reports of HCV prevalence of at least 50% among IDUs in 49 countr...

The genus is distributed throughout the Old World and the Americas, with three distinct regions of diversity: Central and shake the limbs and topic in folk medicine. South America (approx. 500 species), Central Asia and Mediterranean (250 species), Eastern Asia (90 species)various species of the genus salvia are used as Disinfectants, Epileptics Autodigestion, Reduce blood sugar donor, Carminat...

Context Migration is a common event, with increasing numbers of migrants living in developed parts of the world. A range of studies have shown that the maternity healthcare needs of migrant women and those from minority ethnic groups are not always met as effectively as those of women in the majority population. A large proportion of those receiving maternity care from Dutch midwives are of non...

The bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, which is mainly associated with tropical areas. We analyzed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among genome sequences from isolates of B. pseudomallei that originated in the Western Hemisphere by comparing them with genome sequences of isolates that originated in the Eastern Hemisphere. Analysis indicated that isolates from the Wes...