this article wants to clarify a new narration of iran-iraq war political nature. other narrations generally have had a strategic-political view on iran-iraq war. although this present narration has a strategic and realistic view too, it doesn't consider this kind of view enough for a comprehensive explanation of different aspects of the war. it refers to the confrontation of faith and forc...

america’s invasion to iraq in march 2003 led to the collapsed of the baathist regimewas the beginning of a new era in relationship with iran. the demise of the baathistregime, created a unique opportunity for the islamic republic until expansion thepolitical and cultural power in iraq. iran's influence was evident in officialdiplomatic and cordial relations with the new iraqi government al...

In August 1990, Saddam Hussein's army invaded Kuwait and consequently the United Nations imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. In 1991, an international military alliance expelled the Iraqi army from Kuwait during a short war. Nevertheless, the economic sanctions remained in place-their removal required that Iraq should destroy its weapons of mass destruction. Subsequent years saw reports of acut...

1National Tuberculosis Programme Manager, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq. 2Department of Community Medicine, Saddam College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq. 3Chest and Respiratory Diseases Institute, Baghdad, Iraq. ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was made of 500 patients and 500 health care workers randomly selected from 250 primary health care centres throughout Iraq to evaluate knowledge, atti...

Between October 1994 and October 1995, the number of birth defects per 1,000 live births in Al Basrah Maternity Hospital was 1.37. In 2003, the number of birth defects in Al Basrah Maternity Hospital was 23 per 1,000 live births. Within less than a decade, the occurrence of congenital birth defects increased by an astonishing 17-fold in the same hospital. A yearly account of the occurrence and ...

he discovery, from the 1960s until the present, of a small corpus of about twenty texts concerning strings, tuning, and performance from ancient Iraq (loosely equivalent to “Mesopotamia”) and Syria has transformed our view of the earliest stages of music history. Not only is this corpus by far the earliest recorded expression of what might be called “music theory,” but these texts also belong t...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/L among recently arrived immigrants from Africa and Asia in Oslo, and to explore 25(OH)D levels according to origin, gender and age. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary healthcare unit in Oslo, Norway, offering family immigrants, asylum seekers, United Nations (UN) refugees or individuals granted as...

BACKGROUND Relatively little is known regarding to what extent community-based primary care physicians are encountering post-deployment health care needs among veterans of the Afghanistan or Iraq conflicts and their family members. METHODS This pilot study conducted a cross-sectional survey of 37 primary care physicians working at small urban and suburban clinics belonging to a practice-based...

Avian infectious bronchitis (IB), caused by a gammacoronavirus, is an OIE-listed (List B) disease and characterized by respiratory and renal involvements, causing high mortality, and economic loss in both layers and broilers. In comparison with other diagnostic methods, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR are potent, more sensitive and faster techniques for infe...

Samples of Rotifera genus Brachionus were collected from Al-Barka and Al-Nagara region in Al- Hammar Marsh, South Iraq. Remarks on the taxonomy notes 6 species a monthly density each recorded during study period Feb-2006 to Jan-2007.The highest value total was 2.78 ind /l May -2006, whereas lowest 0.01 reported March-2006.