This study investigated the effects of ethyl maltol and carbonation on cold-pressed Venus (new Arkansas seedless grape release, 60% Vitis vinifera L. x 40% Vitis labrusca L.) and Concord (Vitis labrusca L.) grape juices and their grape-apple blends. Sensory analysis indicated Venus juice rated higher than Concord in flavor and aroma after two months of storage at 37°C. Sensory and laboratory an...

We examined seasonal and age-related variation in digestive organ sizes and enzyme activities in female western sandpipers (Calidris mauri) refueling at a coastal stopover site in southern British Columbia. Adult sandpipers exhibited seasonal variation in pancreatic and intestinal enzyme activities but not in digestive system or organ sizes. Spring migrants had 22% higher total and 67% higher s...

Homocysteic acid (HA) may play an important role in Alzhiemer disease (AD) as we previously reported that HA induced accumulation of intraneuronal Aβ42. In this study, we first analyzed HA levels in a mouse model of AD. 4-month old pre-pathologic 3xTg-AD mice exhibited higher levels of HA in the hippocampus as compared to age-matched nontransgenic, suggesting that HA accumulation may precede bo...

The fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH) ALDH3A2 is the causative gene of Sjögren-Larrson syndrome (SLS). To date, the molecular mechanism underlying the symptoms characterizing SLS has been poorly understood. Using Aldh3a2 mice, we here found that Aldh3a2 was the major FALDH active in undifferentiated keratinocytes. Long-chain base metabolism was greatly impaired in Aldh3a2 keratinocytes. Phen...

IMP2 (insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein 2) is an oncofetal protein that is aberrantly expressed in several types of cancer. We recently identified the Imp2 gene as a target gene of the architectural transcription factor HMGA2 (high mobility group A2) and its tumor-specific truncated form HMGA2Tr. In this study, we investigated the mechanism via which HMGA2 regulates Imp2 gene e...

18 Glucocorticoids and FoxO3 exert similar metabolic effects in skeletal muscle. FoxO3 19 gene expression was increased by dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, both in vitro 20 and in vivo. In C2C12 myotubes the increased expression is due to, at least in part, the elevated 21 rate of FoxO3 gene transcription. In the mouse FoxO3 gene, we identified three glucocorticoid 22 receptor (...